目錄 原著致謝 ..................................................................................XII 前言 ........................................................................................XIII 本書為誰創(chuàng)作 ..............................................................................XIV 關(guān)于本書 ......................................................................................XIV 如何使用這本書 ..........................................................................XVI 在線資源 .....................................................................................XVII 讀者服務(wù) .............................................................................. XVIII 第1 章　開始Scratch 編程之旅 ................................................ 1 啟動Scratch ......................................................................................2 離線編輯器 .......................................................................................3 Scratch 編輯器和角色 .....................................................................4 繪圖編輯器 .......................................................................................5 用代碼塊開始工作 .............................................................................. 7 增加代碼塊 .......................................................................................... 7 刪除模塊 .............................................................................................. 8 運行程序 .............................................................................................. 8 展示你的程序 ...................................................................................9 獲得幫助 .........................................................................................10 幫助窗口 ............................................................................................10 轉(zhuǎn)到設(shè)計頁 ........................................................................................ 11 總結(jié) .................................................................................................12 第2 章　太空中的彩虹線 ......................................................... 13 設(shè)計游戲草圖 .................................................................................14 A 創(chuàng)建太空背景 ..........................................................................16 1．清理并設(shè)置舞臺 ..........................................................................16 B 創(chuàng)建3 個會反彈的點 ..............................................................18 2．畫點 ..............................................................................................18 3．為“Dot1”角色添加代碼 ..........................................................20 拓展：方向和角度 ............................................................................20 4．復(fù)制“Dot1”角色 ......................................................................22 C 畫出彩虹線 ..............................................................................23 5．為“畫線點”角色添加代碼 ......................................................23 完整的程序 .....................................................................................25 加速模式 .........................................................................................26 2.0 版本：三角形的彩虹 ...............................................................27 3.0 版本：兩條彩虹線 ...................................................................28 4.0 版本：你來決定 .......................................................................29 總結(jié) .................................................................................................29 回顧思考 .........................................................................................30 第3 章　穿越迷宮 .................................................................... 31 設(shè)計游戲草圖 .................................................................................32 A 讓小貓動起來 ..........................................................................34 拓展：探索x 坐標(biāo)與y 坐標(biāo) ............................................................34 1．添加小貓移動代碼 ......................................................................36 2．為小貓角色復(fù)制移動程序模塊 ..................................................37 B 讓迷宮升級 ..............................................................................39 3．下載迷宮圖形 ..............................................................................39 4．修改背景 ......................................................................................39 5．從第一個迷宮開始 ......................................................................39 C 避免小貓穿墻而過 ..................................................................40 6．偵測小貓是否碰到了墻壁 ..........................................................40 D 在迷宮的盡頭設(shè)置一個目標(biāo) ..................................................42 7．創(chuàng)建蘋果角色 ..............................................................................43 8．偵測到游戲者何時接觸到了蘋果 ..............................................43 9．給迷宮角色添加處理廣播消息代碼塊 ......................................45 完整的程序 .....................................................................................45 2.0 升級版本：雙玩家模式 ...........................................................47 復(fù)制“Apple”角色 ..........................................................................47 修改“Apple2”角色的程序 ............................................................48 復(fù)制橘色小貓角色 ............................................................................48 更改藍(lán)色小貓角色的程序 ................................................................49 返回起始位置 ....................................................................................51 3.0 版本：陷阱 ...............................................................................51 為陷阱畫一個新角色 ........................................................................52 為陷阱創(chuàng)造第二個造型 ....................................................................52 給陷阱添加克隆程序 ........................................................................53 修改橘色小貓的程序 ........................................................................55 把橘色小貓的程序復(fù)制到藍(lán)色小貓 ................................................57 “作弊”模式：穿墻而過 ...............................................................58 給橘色小貓?zhí)砑哟�墻而過的程序 ....................................................58 給藍(lán)色小貓?zhí)砑哟�墻而過的程序 ....................................................58 總結(jié) .................................................................................................59 回顧思考 .........................................................................................60 第4 章　灌籃高手 .................................................................... 63 設(shè)計游戲草圖 .................................................................................64 A 讓小貓?zhí)�起并落�?..................................................................65 1．給小貓角色添加重力代碼 ..........................................................65 拓展：“適用于所有角色”與“僅適用于當(dāng)前角色”的區(qū)別 ......66 2．添加地平線代碼 ..........................................................................69 3．給小貓?zhí)砑犹�躍的代碼 ..............................................................70 B 讓小貓左右移動 ......................................................................71 4．讓小貓走起來 ..............................................................................71 C 懸空的籃筐 ..............................................................................72 5．創(chuàng)建籃筐角色 ..............................................................................72 6．創(chuàng)建命中對象 ..............................................................................74 D 讓小貓投籃 ..............................................................................76 7．創(chuàng)建籃球 ......................................................................................76 8．給籃球添加代碼 ..........................................................................77 9．檢測是否得分 ..............................................................................79 10．修正得分bug ............................................................................80 完整的程序 ....................................................................................82 2.0 版本：雙打模式 .......................................................................84 復(fù)制小貓和籃球角色 ........................................................................84 修改“Cat2”代碼 ...........................................................................85 修改“Basketball2”代碼 .................................................................85 作弊模式：固定籃筐 .....................................................................86 總結(jié) .................................................................................................87 回顧思考 .........................................................................................88 第5 章　破磚英雄 .................................................................... 89 設(shè)計游戲草圖 .................................................................................90 A 制作一個可以左右移動的球拍 ..............................................91 1．創(chuàng)建球拍角色 ..............................................................................91 拓展：旋轉(zhuǎn)樣式 ................................................................................ 93 B 制作一個碰到邊緣就反彈的球 ..............................................94 2．創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)球角色 ..............................................................................94 C 讓球碰到球拍就反彈 ..............................................................94 3．給網(wǎng)球角色添加反彈代碼 ..........................................................95 拓展：克隆 ........................................................................................96 D 創(chuàng)造磚塊的克隆體 ..................................................................97 4．添加磚塊角色 ..............................................................................97 5．克隆磚塊角色 ..............................................................................98 E 讓球從磚塊上反彈 ................................................................100 6．將反彈代碼添加到磚塊角色中 ................................................100 F 制作“You win!”和“GAME OVER”字樣提示 .............101 7．修改網(wǎng)球角色的代碼 ................................................................101 8．創(chuàng)建游戲結(jié)束角色 ....................................................................101 9．創(chuàng)建“You win!”角色 .............................................................103 完整的程序 ...................................................................................104 2.0 版本：美化時間 .....................................................................105 繪制一個炫酷的背景 ......................................................................106 添加音樂 ..........................................................................................107 球拍被網(wǎng)球擊中時會有閃光效果 ..................................................108 添加生動的磚塊出場特效和擊中后的磚塊消失特效 ..................108 給擊中的磚塊添加退出的聲音特效 .............................................. 111 給網(wǎng)球添加聲音效果 ......................................................................112 在網(wǎng)球后面添加運動軌跡 ..............................................................112 為游戲結(jié)束角色添加一個出場特效 ..............................................113 為“You win!”角色添加進(jìn)入動畫 ...............................................115 總結(jié) ............................................................................................... 116 回顧思考 ....................................................................................... 117 第6 章　貪吃蛇 ......................................................................119 設(shè)計游戲草圖 ...............................................................................120 A 畫一個可以自由移動的蛇頭 ................................................121 1．創(chuàng)建頭部角色 ............................................................................121 拓展：“當(dāng)按下xxx 鍵”vs“按鍵xxx 是否按下？” ..................124 B 畫一個隨機出現(xiàn)在屏幕中的蘋果 ........................................125 2．添加蘋果角色的腳本 ................................................................125 C 畫一個會不斷出現(xiàn)在蛇頭后面的身體 ................................125 3．創(chuàng)建身體角色 ............................................................................126 4．繪制身體角色的第二個造型 ....................................................126 5．添加身體角色的腳本 ................................................................127 6．檢測蛇頭是否撞到自己或舞臺邊緣 ........................................129 最終腳本 .......................................................................................131 Scratch 2.0 版本：添加水果加分項 ............................................132 “作弊”模式：天下無敵 .............................................................133 修改頭部角色腳本 ..........................................................................134 修改身體角色腳本 ..........................................................................135 “作弊”模式：甩掉蛇的身體 .....................................................136 總結(jié) ...............................................................................................136 回顧思考 .......................................................................................137 第7 章　水果切切切 .............................................................. 139 設(shè)計游戲草圖 ...............................................................................141 A 制作開始屏幕的背景 ............................................................142 1．繪制背景 ....................................................................................142 2．為舞臺添加代碼 ........................................................................144 B 制作切水果的軌跡 ................................................................145 3．繪制角色：“Slice” ....................................................................145 拓展：新建鏈表 ..............................................................................146 4．為“Slice”（軌跡）這個角色創(chuàng)建鏈表和變量 ......................148 5．記錄鼠標(biāo)的移動 ........................................................................150 6．制作一個自定義功能塊來繪制切水果的軌跡 ........................150 C 制作開始按鈕 ........................................................................154 7．制作角色：“Begin Button” ......................................................154 D 讓水果和炸彈在舞臺隨機出現(xiàn) ............................................156 8．創(chuàng)建水果角色 ............................................................................157 9．制作切開的水果造型 ................................................................158 10．給水果角色增添代碼 ..............................................................161 11．為水果角色的克隆體添加代碼 ..............................................164 E 制作角色：“health” ..............................................................166 12．創(chuàng)建角色：“health” ................................................................166 F 結(jié)束游戲 ................................................................................169 13．創(chuàng)建角色：“White Fade Out”（舞臺褪色為白色） ..............169 2.0 版本：最高分 .........................................................................171 作弊模式：恢復(fù)血量 ...................................................................173 總結(jié) ...............................................................................................174 回顧思考 .......................................................................................175 第8 章　行星終結(jié)者 .............................................................. 177 設(shè)計游戲草圖 ...............................................................................178 A 制造一艘可以控制的宇宙飛船 ............................................179 1．創(chuàng)造飛船角色 ............................................................................180 B 使宇宙飛船可以在舞臺邊緣穿梭 ........................................182 2．給飛船角色添加代碼 ................................................................182 3．給飛船角色添加隨機移動代碼 ................................................183 C 用鼠標(biāo)瞄準(zhǔn)和用空格鍵射擊 ................................................184 4．創(chuàng)建能量炸彈角色 ....................................................................184 D 讓行星能自由地出現(xiàn)和移動 ................................................187 5．創(chuàng)建行星角色 ............................................................................187 E 行星被擊中后分裂成兩個小行星 ........................................189 6．為行星分裂添加代碼 ................................................................189 7．為能量炸彈角色添加“asteroid blasted”消息處理代碼 .......191 F 創(chuàng)建得分和計時功能 ............................................................191 8．創(chuàng)建超時角色 ............................................................................192 G 如果飛船被擊中就爆炸 ........................................................193 9．上傳爆炸角色 ............................................................................193 10．為爆炸角色添加代碼 ..............................................................194 11．為飛船角色添加爆炸代碼 ......................................................194 2.0 版本：有限的彈藥 .................................................................196 作弊模式：星爆炸彈 ...................................................................197 總結(jié) ...............................................................................................199 回顧思考 .......................................................................................200 第9 章　制作一個更高級的跳臺游戲 ..................................... 201 設(shè)計游戲草圖 ...............................................................................202 A 創(chuàng)建重力、下落和著地腳本 ................................................204 1．創(chuàng)建地面角色 ...........................................................................204 2．加上重力和著地的腳本 ............................................................205 3．讓小貓走起來，并且還能在舞臺中環(huán)繞返回 .......................206 4．消除陷在地里的效果 ...............................................................208 B 處理陡坡和墻 ........................................................................209 5．為陡坡加上腳本 ........................................................................210 C 讓小貓會小跳和高跳 ............................................................212 6．加上讓小貓?zhí)�躍的腳本 ...........................................................213 D 加上天花板探測 ....................................................................214 7．給地面角色加一個低跳臺 ........................................................215 8．加上天花板探測的腳本 ............................................................215 E 給小貓角色套上一個碰撞檢測模塊 ....................................218 9．給小貓角色造型套上碰撞檢測模塊 ........................................219 10．加上碰撞檢測模塊的腳本 ......................................................220 F 加上更流暢的行走動畫 ........................................................221 11．給小貓角色加上新造型 ..........................................................222 12．做出在小貓換造型時不出錯的模塊 ......................................223 G 做出游戲關(guān)卡 ........................................................................229 13．下載使用游戲的背景圖 ..........................................................229 14．給地面角色套上一個碰撞檢測模塊 ......................................230 15．給地面角色加上腳本 ..............................................................231 16．給小貓角色加上更多的環(huán)繞返回腳本 ..................................232 H 加上壞蛋螃蟹和蘋果 ............................................................233 17．加上蘋果角色和它的腳本 ...................................................... 234 18．做出螃蟹角色 .......................................................................... 235 19．給壞蛋加上人工智能 ..............................................................236 20．加上“Time’s up”角色 .........................................................240 總結(jié) ...............................................................................................241 回顧思考 .......................................................................................242 接下來的旅程 ......................................................................... 245 索引 ....................................................................................... 247