Introduction
Chapter 1 Amino Acids to Proteins
1.1Protein Composition
1.2Protein Conformations
1.2.1Describing Protein Structure
1.2.2Chemical and Physical Basis for Protein Folding
1.3Protein Structure and Function:A Few Examples
1.4The Dynamics of Proteins
1.5Experiments
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 2 Nucleic Acids
2.1Properties of a Genetic Material
2.2Nucleic Acids and DNA structure
2.2.1Nucleotides
2.2.2General Structure of Nucleic Acids
2.2.3Structure of DNA
2.3DNA as the Genetic Material
2.4DNA in the Cell
2.5RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
2.6Experiments
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 3 Transcription in Prokaryotes:Mechanism and Regulation
3.1Why Use an RNA Intermediate
3.2Mechanism of Transcription
3.2.1Promoters
3.2.2RNA Polymerase
3.2.3Transcription Mechanism in Three Phases
3.3Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes
3.3.1Coordinate Regulation
3.3.2The Lac Operon
3.3.3The Trp Operon
3.3.4Ara and Gal Operons
3.4Experiments
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 4 Transcription in Eukaryotes:Mechanism and Regulation
4.1Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
4.2Eukaryotic Promoters
4.3General Transcription Factors and Initiation
4.3.1TFⅡD
4.3.2Other TFⅡs
4.3.3General Transcription Factors for RNA Polymerase Ⅰand Ⅲ
4.4Specific Transcription Factors and Transcriptional Regulation
4.4.1Activators
4.4.2Repressors
4.4.3Enhancers and Silencers
4.5Structures of Specific Transcription Factors
4.5.1DNA-Binding Motifs in Prokaryotes
4.5.2DNA-Binding Motifs in Eukaryotes
4.6Experiments
4.6.1RNA Polymerase Targets
4.6.2Modularity of Specific Transcription Factors
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 5 mRNA Modifications in Eukaryotes
5.1Capping
5.2Polyadenylation
5.3Splicing
5.3.1The Basic Splicing Reaction
5.3.2Proteins Involved in Splicing
5.3.3Self-Splicing
5.3.4Trans-Splicing
5.3.5Reasons for Introns
5.4mRNA Editing
5.5Experiments
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 6 Translation
6.1The Genetic Code
6.2Mechanism of Translation in Prokaryotes
6.2.1Initiation
6.2.2Elongation
6.2.3Termination
6.3Translation in Eukaryotes
6.4tRNA Structure and Wobble
6.4.1Anti-codons
6.4.2Wobble
6.5Experiments
6.5.1Deciphering the Genetic Code
6.5.2Direction of Translation
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 7 Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes
7.1Histones and Transcriptional Regulation
7.1.1Histones and DNA Organization
7.1.2Histones and Transcription
7.1.3Covalent Modification of Histones
7.1.4Proteins that Recognize and Modify Histones
7.2Post-Transcriptional Regulation
7.3Nuclear Export
7.4RNA Stability
7.4.1mRNA Stability Regulation by Proteins
7.4.2mRNA Stability Regulation by Small RNAs
7.5Translational Control
7.5.1Global Control
7.5.2mRNA-Specific Control
7.6mRNA Localization
7.7Protein Regulation
7.8Experiments
7.8.1Beads-on-a-string Structure
7.8.2Repression of Gene Expression in Heterochromatin
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 8 DNA Replication
8.1Semi-Conservative Replication
8.2Initiation of Replication
8.3Semi-Discontinuous Replication
8.4Elongation of Replication and its Proteins
8.4.1Helicase and SSBs
8.4.2DNA Polymerases
8.4.3Explanation for 3′→5′Synthesis
8.4.4Primers
8.5DNA Topology
8.6DNA Replication in Eukaryotes
8.6.1Initiation of DNA Replication in Eukaryotes
8.6.2Telomeres
8.7Experiments
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 9 Mutations and Mutation Repair
9.1DNA Damage and Mutations
9.2Point Mutations
9.2.1Mismatched Base
9.2.2Spontaneous Mutations
9.2.3Induced Mutations
9.3Insertions and Deletions
9.3.1Strand Slippage
9.3.2Transposons
9.3.3Intercalating Agents
9.4Large-Scale DNA Changes
9.5Consequences of DNA Mutations
9.5.1Consequences of Point Mutations
9.5.2Consequences of Insertions and Deletions
9.5.3Consequences of Translocations
9.5.4Mutation Hot Spots
9.6Mutation Repair
9.6.1Direct Reversal
9.6.2Mismatch Repair
9.6.3Nucleotide Excision Repair
9.6.4Base Excision Repair
9.6.5Double-Stranded Break Repair
9.7Experiments
9.7.1Nucleotide Excision Repair and Human Disease
9.7.2The Ames Test
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Chapter 10 Recombination
10.1Homologous Recombination
10.1.1Mechanism for Crossing-Over
10.1.2Mechanism for Double-Stranded Break Repair
10.1.3The RecBCD Pathway
10.1.4Gene Conversion
10.2Non-homologous Recombination
10.2.1Transposons
10.2.2Retrotransposons
10.2.3Bacteriophage λ Integration
Summary
Vocabulary
Review Questions
Exploration Questions

Answers to Review Questions
Index(Chinese)
Index(English)


緒論
第1章從氨基酸到蛋白質(zhì)
1.1蛋白質(zhì)的組成
1.2蛋白質(zhì)的構(gòu)象
1.2.1描述蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)
1.2.2蛋白質(zhì)折疊的化學(xué)和物理基礎(chǔ)
1.3蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能：幾個(gè)例子
1.4蛋白質(zhì)動(dòng)力學(xué)
1.5實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第2章核酸
2.1遺傳物質(zhì)的性質(zhì)
2.2核酸與DNA結(jié)構(gòu)
2.2.1核苷酸
2.2.2核酸的一般結(jié)構(gòu)
2.2.3DNA的結(jié)構(gòu)
2.3DNA作為遺傳物質(zhì)
2.4細(xì)胞中的DNA
2.5RNA（核糖核酸）
2.6實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第3章原核生物轉(zhuǎn)錄：機(jī)理與調(diào)控
3.1為什么使用RNA作為中間物
3.2轉(zhuǎn)錄機(jī)理
3.2.1啟動(dòng)子
3.2.2RNA聚合酶
3.2.3轉(zhuǎn)錄機(jī)理的三個(gè)階段
3.3原核生物基因表達(dá)調(diào)控
3.3.1協(xié)同調(diào)控
3.3.2乳糖操縱子
3.3.3色氨酸操縱子
3.3.4阿拉伯糖與半乳糖操縱子
3.4實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第4章真核生物轉(zhuǎn)錄：機(jī)理與調(diào)控
4.1真核生物RNA聚合酶
4.2真核生物啟動(dòng)子
4.3通用轉(zhuǎn)錄因子與轉(zhuǎn)錄起始
4.3.1TFⅡD
4.3.2其他TFⅡs
4.3.3RNA聚合酶Ⅰ和Ⅲ的通用轉(zhuǎn)錄因子
4.4特異轉(zhuǎn)錄因子與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控
4.4.1激活蛋白
4.4.2阻遏蛋白
4.4.3增強(qiáng)子和沉默子
4.5特異轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的結(jié)構(gòu)
4.5.1原核生物DNA結(jié)合基序
4.5.2真核生物DNA結(jié)合基序
4.6實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
4.6.1RNA聚合酶的目標(biāo)
4.6.2特異轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的模塊化Summary
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第5章真核生物mRNA的修飾
5.1加帽
5.2聚腺苷酸化
5.3剪接
5.3.1基本的剪接反應(yīng)
5.3.2在剪接中發(fā)揮作用的蛋白質(zhì)
5.3.3自我剪接
5.3.4反式剪接
5.3.5內(nèi)含子存在的原因
5.4mRNA編輯
5.5實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第6章翻譯
6.1遺傳密碼
6.2原核生物翻譯機(jī)理
6.2.1起始
6.2.2延伸
6.2.3終止
6.3真核生物翻譯
6.4tRNA結(jié)構(gòu)與搖擺
6.4.1反密碼子
6.4.2搖擺
6.5實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
6.5.1破譯遺傳密碼
6.5.2翻譯的方向
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第7章真核生物基因表達(dá)調(diào)控
7.1組蛋白與轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控
7.1.1組蛋白與DNA組織
7.1.2組蛋白與轉(zhuǎn)錄
7.1.3組蛋白的共價(jià)修飾
7.1.4識(shí)別和修飾組蛋白的蛋白質(zhì)
7.2轉(zhuǎn)錄后調(diào)控
7.3細(xì)胞核輸出
7.4RNA穩(wěn)定性
7.4.1蛋白質(zhì)調(diào)控mRNA穩(wěn)定性
7.4.2小RNA調(diào)控mRNA穩(wěn)定性
7.5翻譯調(diào)控
7.5.1全局控制
7.5.2mRNA特異性控制
7.6mRNA定位
7.7蛋白質(zhì)調(diào)控
7.8實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
7.8.1線珠結(jié)構(gòu)
7.8.2異染色質(zhì)中基因表達(dá)的阻遏
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第8章DNA復(fù)制
8.1半保留復(fù)制
8.2復(fù)制的起始
8.3半不連續(xù)復(fù)制
8.4復(fù)制延伸及其相關(guān)蛋白
8.4.1解旋酶與SSB
8.4.2DNA聚合酶
8.4.3關(guān)于3′→5′合成
8.4.4引物
8.5DNA拓?fù)鋵W(xué)
8.6真核生物DNA復(fù)制
8.6.1真核生物DNA復(fù)制起始
8.6.2端粒
8.7實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第9章突變與突變修復(fù)
9.1DNA損傷與突變
9.2點(diǎn)突變
9.2.1錯(cuò)配的堿基
9.2.2自發(fā)突變
9.2.3誘發(fā)突變
9.3插入和缺失
9.3.1鏈滑動(dòng)
9.3.2轉(zhuǎn)座子
9.3.3嵌入劑
9.4大規(guī)模DNA變化
9.5DNA突變的后果
9.5.1點(diǎn)突變的后果
9.5.2插入和缺失的后果
9.5.3易位的后果
9.5.4突變熱點(diǎn)
9.6突變修復(fù)
9.6.1直接回復(fù)
9.6.2錯(cuò)配修復(fù)
9.6.3核苷酸切除修復(fù)
9.6.4堿基切除修復(fù)
9.6.5雙鏈斷裂修復(fù)
9.7實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
9.7.1核苷酸切除修復(fù)與人類(lèi)疾病
9.7.2埃姆斯測(cè)驗(yàn)法
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

第10章重組
10.1同源重組
10.1.1交換機(jī)理
10.1.2雙鏈斷裂修復(fù)機(jī)理
10.1.3RecBCD途徑
10.1.4基因轉(zhuǎn)換
10.2非同源重組
10.2.1轉(zhuǎn)座子
10.2.2反轉(zhuǎn)錄轉(zhuǎn)座子
10.2.3λ噬菌體的整合
小結(jié)
詞匯
習(xí)題
思考題

習(xí)題答案
中文索引
英文索引
參考文獻(xiàn)