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高等學校計算機公共課程“十三五”規(guī)劃教材:大學計算機基礎與計算思維 
定 價：58 元 叢書名：高等學校計算機公共課程“十三五”規(guī)劃教材
9 7 2 8 6 7 0 1 6 1 9 3 9 
計算機基礎教育在大學教學內容和教學目標上已發(fā)生重大變革，特別是針對文、理科的學生，缺乏工科學生的思維訓練，該課程不僅讓學生全面了解計算機和計算機應用技能，還要培養(yǎng)學生的計算思維能力，即培養(yǎng)學生用計算機解決問題的方法解決其他專業(yè)領域中的問題的能力和將計算機應用拓展到其他專業(yè)領域，并因此產生用計算機的新技術解決現(xiàn)實生活中尚未解決的問題的能力。本書主要內容包括計算機基礎與計算思維、Windows 7 操作系統(tǒng)、程序設計與軟件開發(fā)基礎、Office 2013 辦公軟件的使用、計算機網絡與信息安全、多媒體技術和數(shù)據庫技術基礎等內容。本書適合作為各類高等院校非計算機專業(yè)計算機基礎課程的教材。
本書是一本系統(tǒng)地介紹計算機工作原理、培養(yǎng)學生計算機應用技能和計算思維能力的大學計算機基礎課程的教材。
計算機基礎教育是大學新生入學以后所接觸到的第一門計算機學科知識教育，是大學基礎課程之一，對于引導學生深入了解計算機常識、熟悉計算機應用、培養(yǎng)計算思維、助力專業(yè)技能教育以及銜接后續(xù)信息技術課程等均具有非常重要的意義。為進一步推動高等學校計算機基礎教育的發(fā)展，教育部高等學校大學計算機課程教學指導委員會發(fā)布了《大學計算機基礎課程教學基本要求》（簡稱《基本要求》）�！痘疽蟆诽岢隽恕皩拰Ｈ凇钡恼n程體系，它也將“大學計算機”這門通識型課程設置為必修課程。本書是一本系統(tǒng)地介紹計算機工作原理、培養(yǎng)學生計算機應用技能和計算思維能力的大學計算機基礎課程的教材。本書共分7 章，第1 章介紹了計算機基礎相關知識和計算思維的概念；第2 章介紹了Windows 7 操作系統(tǒng)；第3 章介紹了程序設計與軟件開發(fā)基礎，包括程序設計、算法與數(shù)據結構基本概念以及C 程序基本內容；第4 章介紹了Office 2013 辦公軟件的使用；第5 章介紹了網絡與信息安全相關的內容；第6 章介紹了多媒體技術基礎和Photoshop 軟件基本應用；第7 章簡要介紹數(shù)據庫技術的基本原理。本書由陸軍主編。參與編寫的人員還有安德智、武光利、丁要軍、李燕、師晶晶、任文、張琛、李振江、岳海云。本書的編寫力求做到由淺入深、層次分明、概念清晰，案例涉及的知識點全面且實用。由于編者水平有限，加之時間倉促，書中難免存在不足和疏漏之處，敬請廣大讀者批評指正。編 者2019 年于蘭州
陸軍，1982年出生，甘肅白銀人，畢業(yè)于蘭州理工大學，現(xiàn)為甘肅政法大學網絡空間安全副教授，碩士生導師，計算機科學與技術專業(yè)負責人，主要從事計算機應用及網絡安全方向研究.
第1 章 計算機基礎與計算思維················· 11.1 計算機的發(fā)展史································· 11.1.1 計算工具的發(fā)展·························· 11.1.2 早期計算機器的發(fā)展·················· 31.1.3 電子計算機的發(fā)展······················ 51.1.4 微型計算機的發(fā)展······················ 81.2 計算機的分類·································· 101.2.1 特點與類型······························· 101.2.2 大型計算機······························· 111.2.3 微型計算機······························· 131.2.4 嵌入式系統(tǒng)······························· 151.3 計算機的工作原理··························· 191.3.1 信息編碼··································· 191.3.2 數(shù)據存儲··································· 211.3.3 數(shù)據傳輸··································· 231.3.4 數(shù)據計算··································· 261.3.5 指令系統(tǒng)··································· 281.4 計算思維的基本方法······················· 291.4.1 計算思維的基本特征················ 291.4.2 計算機如何解決問題················ 311.4.3 計算機不能解決的問題············ 32第2 章 中文Windows 7 操作系統(tǒng)·········· 342.1 Windows 7 概述······························· 342.1.1 Windows 7 的版本介紹············· 342.1.2 Windows 7 系統(tǒng)的安裝············· 352.2 Windows 7 桌面系統(tǒng)························ 392.2.1 鼠標、鍵盤及指法練習············ 392.2.2 桌面上的圖標···························· 422.2.3 桌面小工具······························· 452.2.4 任務欄和“開始”菜單············ 462.2.5 個性化設置······························· 492.3 窗口、菜單與對話框的操作············ 532.3.1 認識Windows 窗口··················· 532.3.2 Windows 窗口的基本操作········· 552.3.3 窗口的排列······························· 572.3.4 菜單操作··································· 592.3.5 對話框······································· 592.4 文件與文件夾··································· 612.4.1 認識文件與文件夾···················· 612.4.2 文件與文件夾的基本操作········· 622.4.3 管理文件與文件夾···················· 662.5 Windows 7 用戶賬戶管理················ 722.5.1 創(chuàng)建用戶賬戶···························· 722.5.2 刪除用戶賬戶···························· 732.5.3 管理用戶賬戶···························· 742.6 中文輸入法······································ 752.7 附件的應用······································ 772.7.1 計算器的應用···························· 772.7.2 畫圖的應用······························· 782.7.3 記事本的基本操作···················· 80第3 章 程序設計與軟件開發(fā)基礎··········· 833.1 程序設計概述··································· 833.1.1 程序設計的風格························ 833.1.2 結構化程序設計························ 853.1.3 面向對象程序設計···················· 863.2 算法概述·········································· 893.2.1 算法的基本概念························ 893.2.2 算法的復雜度···························· 903.3 數(shù)據結構基礎··································· 913.3.1 數(shù)據結構的基本概念················ 913.3.2 線性表······································· 933.3.3 �！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ� 953.3.4 隊列··········································· 96II 大學計算機基礎與計算思維3.3.5 樹與二叉樹······························· 973.3.6 查找··········································· 993.3.7 排序··········································· 993.4 軟件工程基礎································ 1013.4.1 軟件工程的基本概念·············· 1013.4.2 結構化分析方法······················ 1033.4.3 結構化設計方法······················ 1053.4.4 軟件測試及調試······················ 1073.5 C 語言設計基礎····························· 1103.5.1 C 語言簡介······························ 1103.5.2 變量與數(shù)據類型······················ 1113.5.3 運算符和表達式······················ 1153.5.4 順序結構································· 1193.5.5 選擇結構································· 1223.5.6 循環(huán)結構································· 125第4 章 Office 2013 ····························· 1284.1 Word 2013 文檔與窗口操作··········· 1284.1.1 Word 2013 的窗口介紹············ 1284.1.2 Word 2013 的視圖模式介紹···· 1324.2 文檔的基本操作····························· 1334.2.1 Word 2013 文檔的創(chuàng)建············ 1334.2.2 Word 2013 文檔編輯··············· 1334.2.3 查找與替換····························· 1364.2.4 顯示和隱藏格式標記·············· 1364.3 文檔排版········································ 1364.3.1 字體格式化····························· 1374.3.2 段落格式化····························· 1384.3.3 創(chuàng)建目錄································· 1404.3.4 邊框和底紋····························· 1414.3.5 分欄設置································· 1424.3.6 格式刷的使用·························· 1424.4 表格················································ 1434.4.1 插入表格································· 1434.4.2 表格編輯································· 1444.5 圖形圖片的編輯與處理················· 1494.5.1 插入圖片································· 1494.5.2 圖片處理································· 1504.5.3 設置圖片文字的環(huán)繞方式······· 1514.5.4 插入文本框····························· 1524.5.5 插入藝術字····························· 1534.5.6 插入自選圖形·························· 1534.5.7 SmartArt 圖形功能·················· 1544.5.8 圖表········································· 1554.5.9 插入公式與符號······················ 1564.6 頁面設置與文檔打印····················· 1574.6.1 頁面設置································· 1574.6.2 頁眉頁腳································· 1594.6.3 分節(jié)符和分頁符······················ 1604.6.4 打印文檔································· 1614.6.5 郵件合并································· 1624.7 Excel 2013 的基本知識·················· 1624.7.1 Excel 2013 窗口的組成··········· 1624.7.2 Excel 2013 的基本概念及術語····································· 1634.8 Excel 2013 的基本操作·················· 1644.8.1 工作簿的操作·························· 1644.8.2 工作表的操作·························· 1664.8.3 單元格的操作·························· 1674.9 數(shù)據的輸入···································· 1704.9.1 輸入方法································· 1704.9.2 各種類型數(shù)據的輸入技巧及其格式設置························· 1704.9.3 自動填充································· 1724.9.4 快速填充（智能填充）··········· 1764.10 美化制作的表格··························· 1784.10.1 設置單元格格式···················· 1784.10.2 應用單元格樣式···················· 1834.10.3 表格樣式······························· 1844.10.4 條件格式······························· 1854.10.5 設置工作表標簽顏色············ 1874.10.6 應用格式刷···························· 1884.11 公式與函數(shù)··································· 1884.11.1 公式······································· 1884.11.2 函數(shù)······································· 1944.12 數(shù)據的管理·································· 2004.12.1 數(shù)據的排序···························· 200目 錄III4.12.2 數(shù)據的篩選··························· 2024.12.3 數(shù)據的分類匯總···················· 2054.12.4 數(shù)據透視表和數(shù)據透視視圖······································ 2064.13 圖表的制作·································· 2094.13.1 圖表結構與類型···················· 2094.13.2 創(chuàng)建圖表······························· 2104.13.3 編輯圖表······························· 2114.14 打印設置······································ 2144.14.1 設置打印區(qū)域························ 2144.14.2 設置打印標題行···················· 2164.15 PowerPoint 2013 概述·················· 2174.15.1 PowerPoint 2013 的啟動與退出··································· 2174.15.2 PowerPoint 2013 界面組成···· 2174.15.3 PowerPoint 2013 的主要視圖方式······························· 2194.15.4 新建演示文稿························ 2214.15.5 保存演示文稿························ 2224.16 PowerPoint 2013 演示文稿的設置·············································· 2224.16.1 幻燈片編輯··························· 2224.16.2 文本編輯······························· 2234.16.3 應用版式······························· 2254.16.4 應用母版······························· 2264.16.5 插入對象······························· 2274.16.6 編輯圖形······························· 2354.16.7 編輯圖片······························· 2384.17 演示文稿的美化··························· 2404.17.1 設置幻燈片背景···················· 2404.17.2 設置主題······························· 2414.18 演示文稿的動畫功能··················· 2434.18.1 幻燈片切換··························· 2434.18.2 幻燈片動畫效果···················· 2444.19 演示文稿的放映··························· 2464.19.1 放映方式······························· 2474.19.2 放映設置······························· 2474.19.3 交互式放映··························· 2494.20 演示文稿的打印和輸出················ 2504.20.1 設置頁面······························· 2504.20.2 打印演示文稿························ 2504.20.3 輸出演示文稿························ 251第5 章 計算機網絡與信息安全·············2535.1 計算機網絡的發(fā)展························· 2535.1.1 網絡的基本功能······················ 2535.1.2 網絡的主要類型······················ 2555.1.3 因特網發(fā)展概況······················ 2565.2 計算機網絡結構····························· 2585.2.1 網絡通信協(xié)議·························· 2585.2.2 網絡層次結構·························· 2605.2.3 網絡互連模型·························· 2615.2.4 網絡服務模型·························· 2625.3 計算機網絡的組成························· 2645.3.1 拓撲結構································· 2645.3.2 傳輸介質································· 2655.3.3 網絡設備································· 2675.3.4 網絡構建································· 2685.4 網絡地址及其應用························· 2705.4.1 網絡地址································· 2705.4.2 域名系統(tǒng)································· 2725.4.3 因特網服務····························· 2735.4.4 HTML······································ 2765.5 信息時代的安全隱患····················· 2775.5.1 信息安全的主要威脅·············· 2775.5.2 信息系統(tǒng)不完善因素·············· 2805.6 信息系統(tǒng)的安全體系結構·············· 2825.6.1 信息安全的主要特征·············· 2825.6.2 信息安全的一般原則·············· 2835.7 計算機病毒及防護························· 2835.7.1 計算機病毒的定義·················· 2835.7.2 計算機病毒的表現(xiàn)·················· 2845.7.3 計算機病毒的防護·················· 2875.7.4 惡意軟件的防治······················ 290第6 章 多媒體技術······························2926.1 多媒體技術概述····························· 292IV 大學計算機基礎與計算思維6.1.1 多媒體的基本概念·················· 2926.1.2 多媒體技術的特點·················· 2936.1.3 多媒體信息的類型·················· 2946.2 數(shù)字聲音········································ 2946.2.1 聲音的特性····························· 2946.2.2 聲音的數(shù)字化·························· 2956.2.3 常見的聲音文件格式·············· 2976.3 數(shù)字圖形圖像································ 2986.3.1 獲取圖像································· 2986.3.2 位圖與矢量圖·························· 2986.3.3 圖像的顏色模型······················ 2996.3.4 圖像的數(shù)字化·························· 3006.3.5 圖像文件格式·························· 3016.4 數(shù)據壓縮技術································ 3016.4.1 無損壓縮································· 3026.4.2 有損壓縮································· 3036.5 Photoshop 圖像處理······················· 3046.5.1 Photoshop 中的基本概念········· 3056.5.2 新建、打開及保存圖像·········· 3066.5.3 圖像屬性的設置與修改·········· 3076.5.4 圖像的變換與變形·················· 3086.5.5 選區(qū)的創(chuàng)建與操作·················· 3106.5.6 修飾圖片································· 3136.5.7 調整圖像色彩·························· 3166.5.8 文字處理································· 320第7 章 數(shù)據庫技術基礎······················· 3237.1 數(shù)據庫基礎知識····························· 3237.1.1 計算機數(shù)據管理的發(fā)展·········· 3237.1.2 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)基本概念·············· 3257.1.3 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)的特點·················· 3267.1.4 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)的內部體系結構··· 3277.1.5 數(shù)據庫管理系統(tǒng)······················ 3287.2 數(shù)據模型········································ 3307.2.1 數(shù)據模型基本類型·················· 3307.2.2 數(shù)據模型組成要素·················· 3307.3 E-R 模型········································· 3317.3.1 E-R 模型的基本概念··············· 3317.3.2 E-R 模型的圖示法··················· 3327.4 邏輯數(shù)據模型基本類型················· 3337.7.1 層次數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.7.2 網狀數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.7.3 關系數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.5 關系數(shù)據庫···································· 3357.5.1 關系術語································· 3357.5.2 關系的完整性·························· 3367.5.3 關系運算································· 3377.5.4 關系規(guī)范化····························· 3397.6 數(shù)據庫設計與管理························· 3447.6.1 數(shù)據庫設計概述······················ 3447.6.2 數(shù)據庫設計的需求分析··········· 3447.6.3 數(shù)據庫概念設計······················ 3457.6.4 數(shù)據庫的邏輯設計·················· 3457.6.5 數(shù)據庫的物理設計·················· 3467.6.6 數(shù)據庫管理····························· 3467.7 Access 2013 概述··························· 3467.7.1 Access 2013 的功能及特性····· 3467.7.2 Access 2013 數(shù)據庫對象········· 3477.7.3 表的設計································· 348第1 章 計算機基礎與計算思維················· 11.1 計算機的發(fā)展史································· 11.1.1 計算工具的發(fā)展·························· 11.1.2 早期計算機器的發(fā)展·················· 31.1.3 電子計算機的發(fā)展······················ 51.1.4 微型計算機的發(fā)展······················ 81.2 計算機的分類·································· 101.2.1 特點與類型······························· 101.2.2 大型計算機······························· 111.2.3 微型計算機······························· 131.2.4 嵌入式系統(tǒng)······························· 151.3 計算機的工作原理··························· 191.3.1 信息編碼··································· 191.3.2 數(shù)據存儲··································· 211.3.3 數(shù)據傳輸··································· 231.3.4 數(shù)據計算··································· 261.3.5 指令系統(tǒng)··································· 281.4 計算思維的基本方法······················· 291.4.1 計算思維的基本特征················ 291.4.2 計算機如何解決問題················ 311.4.3 計算機不能解決的問題············ 32第2 章 中文Windows 7 操作系統(tǒng)·········· 342.1 Windows 7 概述······························· 342.1.1 Windows 7 的版本介紹············· 342.1.2 Windows 7 系統(tǒng)的安裝············· 352.2 Windows 7 桌面系統(tǒng)························ 392.2.1 鼠標、鍵盤及指法練習············ 392.2.2 桌面上的圖標···························· 422.2.3 桌面小工具······························· 452.2.4 任務欄和“開始”菜單············ 462.2.5 個性化設置······························· 492.3 窗口、菜單與對話框的操作············ 532.3.1 認識Windows 窗口··················· 532.3.2 Windows 窗口的基本操作········· 552.3.3 窗口的排列······························· 572.3.4 菜單操作··································· 592.3.5 對話框······································· 592.4 文件與文件夾··································· 612.4.1 認識文件與文件夾···················· 612.4.2 文件與文件夾的基本操作········· 622.4.3 管理文件與文件夾···················· 662.5 Windows 7 用戶賬戶管理················ 722.5.1 創(chuàng)建用戶賬戶···························· 722.5.2 刪除用戶賬戶···························· 732.5.3 管理用戶賬戶···························· 742.6 中文輸入法······································ 752.7 附件的應用······································ 772.7.1 計算器的應用···························· 772.7.2 畫圖的應用······························· 782.7.3 記事本的基本操作···················· 80第3 章 程序設計與軟件開發(fā)基礎··········· 833.1 程序設計概述··································· 833.1.1 程序設計的風格························ 833.1.2 結構化程序設計························ 853.1.3 面向對象程序設計···················· 863.2 算法概述·········································· 893.2.1 算法的基本概念························ 893.2.2 算法的復雜度···························· 903.3 數(shù)據結構基礎··································· 913.3.1 數(shù)據結構的基本概念················ 913.3.2 線性表······································· 933.3.3 �！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ� 953.3.4 隊列··········································· 96II 大學計算機基礎與計算思維3.3.5 樹與二叉樹······························· 973.3.6 查找··········································· 993.3.7 排序··········································· 993.4 軟件工程基礎································ 1013.4.1 軟件工程的基本概念·············· 1013.4.2 結構化分析方法······················ 1033.4.3 結構化設計方法······················ 1053.4.4 軟件測試及調試······················ 1073.5 C 語言設計基礎····························· 1103.5.1 C 語言簡介······························ 1103.5.2 變量與數(shù)據類型······················ 1113.5.3 運算符和表達式······················ 1153.5.4 順序結構································· 1193.5.5 選擇結構································· 1223.5.6 循環(huán)結構································· 125第4 章 Office 2013 ····························· 1284.1 Word 2013 文檔與窗口操作··········· 1284.1.1 Word 2013 的窗口介紹············ 1284.1.2 Word 2013 的視圖模式介紹···· 1324.2 文檔的基本操作····························· 1334.2.1 Word 2013 文檔的創(chuàng)建············ 1334.2.2 Word 2013 文檔編輯··············· 1334.2.3 查找與替換····························· 1364.2.4 顯示和隱藏格式標記·············· 1364.3 文檔排版········································ 1364.3.1 字體格式化····························· 1374.3.2 段落格式化····························· 1384.3.3 創(chuàng)建目錄································· 1404.3.4 邊框和底紋····························· 1414.3.5 分欄設置································· 1424.3.6 格式刷的使用·························· 1424.4 表格················································ 1434.4.1 插入表格································· 1434.4.2 表格編輯································· 1444.5 圖形圖片的編輯與處理················· 1494.5.1 插入圖片································· 1494.5.2 圖片處理································· 1504.5.3 設置圖片文字的環(huán)繞方式······· 1514.5.4 插入文本框····························· 1524.5.5 插入藝術字····························· 1534.5.6 插入自選圖形·························· 1534.5.7 SmartArt 圖形功能·················· 1544.5.8 圖表········································· 1554.5.9 插入公式與符號······················ 1564.6 頁面設置與文檔打印····················· 1574.6.1 頁面設置································· 1574.6.2 頁眉頁腳································· 1594.6.3 分節(jié)符和分頁符······················ 1604.6.4 打印文檔································· 1614.6.5 郵件合并································· 1624.7 Excel 2013 的基本知識·················· 1624.7.1 Excel 2013 窗口的組成··········· 1624.7.2 Excel 2013 的基本概念及術語····································· 1634.8 Excel 2013 的基本操作·················· 1644.8.1 工作簿的操作·························· 1644.8.2 工作表的操作·························· 1664.8.3 單元格的操作·························· 1674.9 數(shù)據的輸入···································· 1704.9.1 輸入方法································· 1704.9.2 各種類型數(shù)據的輸入技巧及其格式設置························· 1704.9.3 自動填充································· 1724.9.4 快速填充（智能填充）··········· 1764.10 美化制作的表格··························· 1784.10.1 設置單元格格式···················· 1784.10.2 應用單元格樣式···················· 1834.10.3 表格樣式······························· 1844.10.4 條件格式······························· 1854.10.5 設置工作表標簽顏色············ 1874.10.6 應用格式刷···························· 1884.11 公式與函數(shù)··································· 1884.11.1 公式······································· 1884.11.2 函數(shù)······································· 1944.12 數(shù)據的管理·································· 2004.12.1 數(shù)據的排序···························· 200目 錄III4.12.2 數(shù)據的篩選··························· 2024.12.3 數(shù)據的分類匯總···················· 2054.12.4 數(shù)據透視表和數(shù)據透視視圖······································ 2064.13 圖表的制作·································· 2094.13.1 圖表結構與類型···················· 2094.13.2 創(chuàng)建圖表······························· 2104.13.3 編輯圖表······························· 2114.14 打印設置······································ 2144.14.1 設置打印區(qū)域························ 2144.14.2 設置打印標題行···················· 2164.15 PowerPoint 2013 概述·················· 2174.15.1 PowerPoint 2013 的啟動與退出··································· 2174.15.2 PowerPoint 2013 界面組成···· 2174.15.3 PowerPoint 2013 的主要視圖方式······························· 2194.15.4 新建演示文稿························ 2214.15.5 保存演示文稿························ 2224.16 PowerPoint 2013 演示文稿的設置·············································· 2224.16.1 幻燈片編輯··························· 2224.16.2 文本編輯······························· 2234.16.3 應用版式······························· 2254.16.4 應用母版······························· 2264.16.5 插入對象······························· 2274.16.6 編輯圖形······························· 2354.16.7 編輯圖片······························· 2384.17 演示文稿的美化··························· 2404.17.1 設置幻燈片背景···················· 2404.17.2 設置主題······························· 2414.18 演示文稿的動畫功能··················· 2434.18.1 幻燈片切換··························· 2434.18.2 幻燈片動畫效果···················· 2444.19 演示文稿的放映··························· 2464.19.1 放映方式······························· 2474.19.2 放映設置······························· 2474.19.3 交互式放映··························· 2494.20 演示文稿的打印和輸出················ 2504.20.1 設置頁面······························· 2504.20.2 打印演示文稿························ 2504.20.3 輸出演示文稿························ 251第5 章 計算機網絡與信息安全·············2535.1 計算機網絡的發(fā)展························· 2535.1.1 網絡的基本功能······················ 2535.1.2 網絡的主要類型······················ 2555.1.3 因特網發(fā)展概況······················ 2565.2 計算機網絡結構····························· 2585.2.1 網絡通信協(xié)議·························· 2585.2.2 網絡層次結構·························· 2605.2.3 網絡互連模型·························· 2615.2.4 網絡服務模型·························· 2625.3 計算機網絡的組成························· 2645.3.1 拓撲結構································· 2645.3.2 傳輸介質································· 2655.3.3 網絡設備································· 2675.3.4 網絡構建································· 2685.4 網絡地址及其應用························· 2705.4.1 網絡地址································· 2705.4.2 域名系統(tǒng)································· 2725.4.3 因特網服務····························· 2735.4.4 HTML······································ 2765.5 信息時代的安全隱患····················· 2775.5.1 信息安全的主要威脅·············· 2775.5.2 信息系統(tǒng)不完善因素·············· 2805.6 信息系統(tǒng)的安全體系結構·············· 2825.6.1 信息安全的主要特征·············· 2825.6.2 信息安全的一般原則·············· 2835.7 計算機病毒及防護························· 2835.7.1 計算機病毒的定義·················· 2835.7.2 計算機病毒的表現(xiàn)·················· 2845.7.3 計算機病毒的防護·················· 2875.7.4 惡意軟件的防治······················ 290第6 章 多媒體技術······························2926.1 多媒體技術概述····························· 292IV 大學計算機基礎與計算思維6.1.1 多媒體的基本概念·················· 2926.1.2 多媒體技術的特點·················· 2936.1.3 多媒體信息的類型·················· 2946.2 數(shù)字聲音········································ 2946.2.1 聲音的特性····························· 2946.2.2 聲音的數(shù)字化·························· 2956.2.3 常見的聲音文件格式·············· 2976.3 數(shù)字圖形圖像································ 2986.3.1 獲取圖像································· 2986.3.2 位圖與矢量圖·························· 2986.3.3 圖像的顏色模型······················ 2996.3.4 圖像的數(shù)字化·························· 3006.3.5 圖像文件格式·························· 3016.4 數(shù)據壓縮技術································ 3016.4.1 無損壓縮································· 3026.4.2 有損壓縮································· 3036.5 Photoshop 圖像處理······················· 3046.5.1 Photoshop 中的基本概念········· 3056.5.2 新建、打開及保存圖像·········· 3066.5.3 圖像屬性的設置與修改·········· 3076.5.4 圖像的變換與變形·················· 3086.5.5 選區(qū)的創(chuàng)建與操作·················· 3106.5.6 修飾圖片································· 3136.5.7 調整圖像色彩·························· 3166.5.8 文字處理································· 320第7 章 數(shù)據庫技術基礎······················· 3237.1 數(shù)據庫基礎知識····························· 3237.1.1 計算機數(shù)據管理的發(fā)展·········· 3237.1.2 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)基本概念·············· 3257.1.3 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)的特點·················· 3267.1.4 數(shù)據庫系統(tǒng)的內部體系結構··· 3277.1.5 數(shù)據庫管理系統(tǒng)······················ 3287.2 數(shù)據模型········································ 3307.2.1 數(shù)據模型基本類型·················· 3307.2.2 數(shù)據模型組成要素·················· 3307.3 E-R 模型········································· 3317.3.1 E-R 模型的基本概念··············· 3317.3.2 E-R 模型的圖示法··················· 3327.4 邏輯數(shù)據模型基本類型················· 3337.7.1 層次數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.7.2 網狀數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.7.3 關系數(shù)據模型·························· 3347.5 關系數(shù)據庫···································· 3357.5.1 關系術語································· 3357.5.2 關系的完整性·························· 3367.5.3 關系運算································· 3377.5.4 關系規(guī)范化····························· 3397.6 數(shù)據庫設計與管理························· 3447.6.1 數(shù)據庫設計概述······················ 3447.6.2 數(shù)據庫設計的需求分析··········· 3447.6.3 數(shù)據庫概念設計······················ 3457.6.4 數(shù)據庫的邏輯設計·················· 3457.6.5 數(shù)據庫的物理設計·················· 3467.6.6 數(shù)據庫管理····························· 3467.7 Access 2013 概述··························· 3467.7.1 Access 2013 的功能及特性····· 3467.7.2 Access 2013 數(shù)據庫對象········· 3477.7.3 表的設計································· 348
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