閱讀理解110篇及疑難長句注解與譯文和題解 第一部分 


第一節(jié)閱讀理解110篇及疑難長句注解與譯文 




一、經(jīng)濟 




〖1〗1 
Shares of Apple and some of its suppliers were sagging on Tuesday after President Donald Trump said he might include iPhones and other high?volume consumer electronics products in the potential next wave of tariffs on imports from China?The president?s remarks added to anxiety about Apple?s growth prospects and demand for its smartphones，but what he said should not be shocking?At the same time，even a minor dose of tariff pain carries more significance for Apple than it would have a couple of years ago? 
Remember that the president?s rattling against China has included a threat to impose tariffs on all $500 billion worth of goods the U?S?imports from China，and“all”would seem to include cellphones and computers，which are the top two categories of U?S?imports from China based on value of goods? 
The Wall Street Journal，which conducted the interview with the president，said some Trump aides had suggested iPhones and laptops might be excluded from additional tariffs?Manufacturers of cars，washing machines and clothing would have good reason to be furious at the White House and Apple if the iPhone maker managed to avoid tariffs while they did not? 
Exempting some companies from tariffs and not others isn?t unprecedented，of course?The administration this summer removed hundreds of items from the list of imported goods subject to tariffs after lobbying from U?S?companies?If Apple does get hit with tariffs，the impact may not be profound?People who pay $1?000 or more for an iPhone when cheaper options are available are not making purchasing decisions on price alone?Some estimates have suggested a 10 percent tariff on iPhones imported into the U?S?would amount to about $40 a phone?That?s not nothing，but it could be absorbed by Apple? 
It?s surprising how little Apple has said publicly about the possible impact from the tariff battle with China，where the vast majority of its products are assembled for shipment to the rest of the world?CEO Tim Cook has said he has told U?S?officials that tariffs hurt people and economic growth by raising prices on goods?He has also said that he thinks the U?S?and China will reach an amicable trade agreement?To nudge his preferred outcome，Cook has also played diplomat personally in lobbying U?S?and Chinese officials to reach a trade resolution?In securities filings，Apple has said that“international trade disputes could result in tariffs and other protectionist measures that could adversely affect”its business? 


1. Compared with a few years ago，additional tariffs may now affect Apple ? 


［A］more seriously［B］less significantly 


［C］more specifically［D］less obviously 
2. The word“rattling”（Para?2）probably means ? 


［A］challenge［B］remark［C］battle［D］hostility 
3. Favoring one company over another in tariff ? 


［A］is an impossible decision to make 


［B］violates international trade agreements 


［C］is not an unusual practice in the U?S? 


［D］is a politically manipulated trick 
4. Additional tariffs on iPhones will ? 


［A］result in a disastrous decline in sales volume 


［B］hardly prevent customers from purchasing them 


［C］lead to a significant reduction in annual profits 


［D］force Apple to reconsider its business with China 
5. What is Apple?s attitude to trade war with China? 


［A］Critical?［B］Supportive?［C］Indifferent?［D］Apprehensive? 




1. potential /p?u?ten?l/ a?潛在的，可能的 


2. tariff /?t?rif/ n?關稅 


3. remark /ri?m??k/ n?評論，言辭 


4. prospect /?pr?spekt/ n?前景，景色 


5. dose /d?us/ n?劑量 


6. cellphone /?self?un/ n?手機 


7. category /?k?ti??ri/ n?種類；范疇 


8. interview /?int?vju?/ n?采訪；會談 


9. aide /eid/ n?助手，副手 


10. laptop /?l?pt?p/ n?便攜式電腦 


11. manufacturer /?m?nju?f?kt??r?/ n?制造商 


12. furious /?fju?ri?s/ a?狂怒的 


13. exempt /i??zempt/ vt?豁免，免除 


14. unprecedented /?n?presid?ntid/ a?史無前例的 


15. administration /?d?minis?trei??n/ n?管理；實行；政府 


16. item /?ait?m/ n?項，項目 


17. subject /?s?bd?ikt/ a?易受……影響的 


18. lobby /?l?bi/ vt?游說（以便阻止或促成某事） 


19. profound /pr??faund/ a?深的，深遠的 


20. option /??p??n/ n?選擇 


21. purchase /?p??t??s/ vt?購買 


22. amount to 總量達到；等同于 


23. absorb /?b?s??b/ vt?吸收，吸引；承受 


24. assemble /??sembl/ vt?收集；集合，組裝 


25. shipment /??ipm?nt/ n?裝船；運輸 


26. amicable /??mik?bl/ a?親切的，友善的 


27. agreement /???ri?m?nt/ n?一致，同意；協(xié)議 


28. diplomat /?dipl?m?t/ n?外交家，外交官 


29. resolution /?rez??lju???n/ n?決議；解決方案；決心 


30. securities /si?kju?ritiz/ n?證券 


31. filing /?faili?/ n?存檔文件 


32. dispute /dis?pju?t/ n?爭論；爭端 


33. result in 導致，產(chǎn)生……結果 


34. protectionist /pr??tek??nist/ a?貿(mào)易保護主義（者）的 


35. adversely /??dv??sli/ ad?方向相反地；不利地 




1. sag 下垂，低落；下降 


2. rattling 喋喋不休地說話 




1. Shares of Apple???from China?（第一段） 


在主句中，suppliers指蘋果公司產(chǎn)品供應商，sag描述人時指情緒低落，描述股票時指股票下跌。在after引導的狀語從句中，high?volume指銷量大，wave of tariffs on imports from China指美國對進口自中國的產(chǎn)品進行懲罰性加稅，比如關稅從10%提高到20%。 


2. The administration this summer???companies?（第四段） 


本句中，the administration指特朗普政府（Trump administration）；item指一組東西中的一個項目，這里指擬增稅產(chǎn)品清單中的一種產(chǎn)品；subject to tariffs是形容詞引導的短語，作定語修飾goods，指受（提高）關稅影響的產(chǎn)品；介詞短語after lobbying from U?S?companies作狀語修飾謂語removed，其中l(wèi)obby指到政府相關部門游說。 


3. To nudge his preferred???resolution?（第五段） 


本句中，nudge這里指促成某事，his preferred outcome指上一句說的“達成一個友好的貿(mào)易協(xié)議”，play diplomat指“扮演外交家（的角色）”，resolution指解決方案。 




蘋果公司的股票和它的一些供應商周二都感覺萎靡不振，這天，唐納德•特朗普總統(tǒng)說，他可能把iPhone和其他高銷量電子產(chǎn)品也納入潛在的下一波從中國進口產(chǎn)品的關稅名單�？偨y(tǒng)的話加劇了對蘋果公司發(fā)展前景以及對其智能手機需求的擔憂，但是他說的話不應該引起震驚。同時，與幾年前相比，即使少量的關稅負擔也對蘋果公司更有意義。 
曾記得，總統(tǒng)對中國的指責包括威脅要對從中國進口到美國價值5 000億美元的全部產(chǎn)品強加關稅。這里所說的“全部”似乎包括手機和計算機，從貨物價值來看，這是美國從中國進口的最大兩類產(chǎn)品。 
《華爾街日報》采訪了總統(tǒng)，他們說總統(tǒng)的某些助手暗示iPhone和便攜式電腦可能被排除在追加關稅名單之外。如果iPhone制造商能設法躲開關稅而自己不能，汽車、洗衣機和服裝制造商也有理由對白宮和蘋果公司感到憤怒。 
從關稅名單上排除某些公司而不是其他公司當然不是前所未有的事情。經(jīng)過某些美國公司游說以后，特朗普政府今年夏季把幾百種貨物從強征關稅名單中排除。如果蘋果公司產(chǎn)品也被強征關稅，其影響可能不會太大。那些雖然有更便宜的選擇但仍花1 000美元或更多買iPhone的人做出購買決定時考慮的不僅僅是價格。一些人估算，給進口到美國的iPhone增加10%的關稅等于給每部手機提價約40美元。這雖然也不少，但是蘋果公司能消化這一成本。 
奇怪的是，蘋果公司很少公開談論跟中國的關稅戰(zhàn)對它可能產(chǎn)生的影響，其產(chǎn)品絕大多數(shù)在中國組裝然后運送至世界各地�？偛肨im Cook曾說，他已經(jīng)告訴美國官員，關稅會抬高物價，對人和經(jīng)濟增長造成傷害。他還說，他認為美中將達成一個友好的貿(mào)易協(xié)議。為了促成他想要的結果，Cook親自擔當外交官，游說美中官員達成一個貿(mào)易方案。在一些證券文件中，蘋果公司說，“國際貿(mào)易爭端可能導致關稅和其他保護主義措施，這不利于”其業(yè)務發(fā)展。