前言
本書導(dǎo)讀
第 1 章 UG NX 1872 概述和安裝...................................................................................1
1.1 UG 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)的一般過程................................................................................................ 1
1.2 UG NX 1872 各模塊簡(jiǎn)介.............................................................................................. 2
1.3 UG NX 1872 軟件的特點(diǎn).............................................................................................. 5
1.4 UG NX 1872 的安裝...................................................................................... 7
1.4.1 安裝要求 ................................................................................................... 7
1.4.2 安裝前的準(zhǔn)備............................................................................................... 8
1.4.3 安裝的一般過程.............................................................................................. 8
第 2 章 UG NX 工作界面與基本設(shè)置 ....................................................................................16
2.1 啟動(dòng) UG NX 1872 軟件............................................................................................ 16
2.2 UG NX 1872 工作界面及定制 ..................................................................................... 17
2.2.1 設(shè)置界面主題....................................................................................................17
2.2.2 “經(jīng)典，使用系統(tǒng)字體”用戶界面簡(jiǎn)介 ...............................................................................18
2.2.3 選項(xiàng)卡及菜單的定制.................................................................................................21
2.2.4 角色設(shè)置 .................................................................................................23
2.3 基本操作及快捷鍵.............................................................................................. 25
2.3.1 基本鼠標(biāo)操作 .............................................................................................. 25
2.3.2 快捷鍵操作 ................................................................................................ 26
2.4 UG NX 1872 軟件的參數(shù)設(shè)置 ....................................................................................... 27
2.4.1 “對(duì)象”首選項(xiàng)...................................................................................................27
2.4.2 “建�！笔走x項(xiàng)...............................................................................................28
2.4.3 “選擇”首選項(xiàng)....................................................................................................29
2.4.4 “用戶默認(rèn)”設(shè)置...............................................................................................30
第 3 章 二維草圖設(shè)計(jì)...............................................................................................32
3.1 草圖環(huán)境中的關(guān)鍵術(shù)語(yǔ)............................................................................................... 32
3.2 進(jìn)入與退出草圖環(huán)境.................................................................................................. 32
3.3 坐標(biāo)系的介紹 ..................................................................................................... 35
3.4 草圖環(huán)境的設(shè)置.................................................................................................... 37
3.5 草圖環(huán)境中的下拉菜單........................................................................................... 38
3.6 草圖的繪制 ..................................................................................................... 41
3.6.1 草圖繪制概述....................................................................................................41
3.6.2 草圖工具按鈕簡(jiǎn)介..............................................................................................41
3.6.3 自動(dòng)標(biāo)注功能.................................................................................................42
3.6.4 繪制直線 .....................................................................................................43
3.6.5 繪制圓弧 .....................................................................................................44
3.6.6 繪制圓 ......................................................................................................44
3.6.7 繪制圓角 ........................................................................................................45
3.6.8 繪制倒斜角.......................................................................................................46
3.6.9 繪制矩形 .................................................................47
3.6.10 繪制輪廓線......................................................................................48
3.6.11 繪制派生直線................................................................................................48
3.6.12 創(chuàng)建樣條曲線...........................................................................49
3.6.13 點(diǎn)的繪制及“點(diǎn)”對(duì)話框..........................................................50
3.7 草圖的編輯 ................................................................................... 52
3.7.1 直線的操縱.........................................................................................52
3.7.2 圓的操縱 ...............................................................................................53
3.7.3 圓弧的操縱.................................................................................................53
3.7.4 樣條曲線的操縱................................................................................53
3.7.5 制作拐角 ..........................................................................................54
3.7.6 刪除對(duì)象 ......................................................................................................54
3.7.7 復(fù)制/粘貼對(duì)象 .................................................................................................55
3.7.8 快速修剪 ..................................................................................................55
3.7.9 快速延伸 ........................................................................................................56
3.7.10 鏡像 ......................................................................................................56
3.7.11 偏置曲線......................................................................................57
3.7.12 交點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................58
3.7.13 相交曲線......................................................................................................59
3.7.14 投影曲線.....................................................................................................60
3.8 草圖的約束 ............................................................................................ 61
3.8.1 草圖約束概述..........................................................................................61
3.8.2 草圖約束按鈕簡(jiǎn)介...............................................................................................61
3.8.3 添加幾何約束...........................................................................................64
3.8.4 添加尺寸約束...................................................................................................65
3.9 修改草圖約束 .................................................................. 69
3.9.1 顯示所有約束...........................................................................................69
3.9.2 關(guān)系瀏覽器...................................................................................................69
3.9.3 約束的備選解................................................................................................70
3.9.4 移動(dòng)尺寸 ........................................................................................................71
3.9.5 修改單個(gè)尺寸值....................................................................................................71
3.9.6 修改多個(gè)尺寸值.............................................................................................72
3.9.7 動(dòng)畫演示尺寸..................................................................................................73
3.9.8 轉(zhuǎn)換至/自參考對(duì)象..........................................................................................74
3.10 草圖的管理 ................................................................................................. 75
3.10.1 定向到草圖..................................................................................................75
3.10.2 定向到模型..................................................................................................75
3.10.3 重新附著.......................................................................................................76
3.10.4 創(chuàng)建定位尺寸.................................................................................................76
3.10.5 延遲評(píng)估與評(píng)估草圖..........................................................................................76
3.10.6 更新模型................................................................................................76
3.11 UG 草圖設(shè)計(jì)綜合應(yīng)用范例...................................................................................... 77
3.11.1 草圖范例 1................................................................................................77
3.11.2 草圖范例 2......................................................................................................78
3.11.3 草圖范例 3..........................................................................................79
3.11.4 草圖范例 4...................................................................................................81
3.12 習(xí)題 ........................................................................................................ 83
第 4 章 零件設(shè)計(jì)...........................................................................................85
4.1 三維建模概述 .................................................................................................... 85
4.1.1 建模方式 .....................................................................................................85
4.1.2 基本的三維模型...............................................................................86
4.1.3 復(fù)雜的三維模型..........................................................................................86
4.1.4 “特征”與三維建模.............................................................................................87
4.2 UG NX 1872 的文件操作..................................................................................... 89
4.2.1 創(chuàng)建用戶工作文件目錄...............................................................................89
4.2.2 新建文件 ...............................................................................................89
4.2.3 文件保存 ............................................................................................90
4.2.4 打開文件 ...............................................................................................91
4.2.5 關(guān)閉部件和退出 UG NX 1872 .....................................................................92
4.2.6 導(dǎo)入與導(dǎo)出文件........................................................................................93
4.2.7 使用中文文件名和文件路徑......................................................................94
4.3 體素 ......................................................................................................... 94
4.3.1 基本體素 .................................................................................................94
4.3.2 在基本體素上添加其他體素.............................................................................101
4.4 布爾操作 .................................................................................................. 103
4.4.1 布爾操作概述...............................................................................................103
4.4.2 布爾求和操作.................................................................................................103
4.4.3 布爾求差操作.............................................................................................104
4.4.4 布爾求交操作..............................................................................................105
4.4.5 布爾出錯(cuò)消息...................................................................................................105
4.5 拉伸特征 .................................................................................................. 106
4.5.1 拉伸特征簡(jiǎn)述............................................................................................106
4.5.2 創(chuàng)建基礎(chǔ)拉伸特征..........................................................................................106
4.5.3 添加其他特征...........................................................................................111
4.6 旋轉(zhuǎn)特征 ....................................................................................................... 113
4.6.1 旋轉(zhuǎn)特征簡(jiǎn)述..........................................................................................113
4.6.2 矢量 .......................................................................................................114
4.6.3 創(chuàng)建旋轉(zhuǎn)特征的一般過程...........................................................116
4.7 倒斜角 ....................................................................................... 117
4.8 邊倒圓 ........................................................................................................ 118
4.9 UG NX 1872 的部件導(dǎo)航器 ............................................................. 120
4.9.1 部件導(dǎo)航器概述...............................................................................120
4.9.2 部件導(dǎo)航器界面簡(jiǎn)介.................................................................................120
4.9.3 部件導(dǎo)航器的作用與操作..........................................................................122
4.10 對(duì)象操作 ..................................................................................................... 125
4.10.1 控制對(duì)象模型的顯示.......................................................................125
4.10.2 刪除對(duì)象...................................................................................................126
4.10.3 隱藏與顯示對(duì)象.........................................................................................128
4.10.4 編輯對(duì)象的顯示.......................................................................................128
4.10.5 分類選擇................................................................................................129
4.10.6 對(duì)象的視圖布局......................................................................................130
4.10.7 全屏顯示..................................................................................................131
4.11 UG NX 1872 中圖層的使用 ........................................................................... 131
4.11.1 圖層的基本概念.......................................................................................131
4.11.2 設(shè)置圖層...................................................................................................132
4.11.3 視圖中的可見圖層...................................................................................135
4.11.4 移動(dòng)至圖層...............................................................................................135
4.11.5 復(fù)制至圖層...........................................................................................136
4.12 常用的基準(zhǔn)特征...................................................................................... 136
4.12.1 基準(zhǔn)平面...............................................................................................136
4.12.2 基準(zhǔn)軸 ......................................................................................................139
4.12.3 基準(zhǔn)坐標(biāo)系....................................................................................................140
4.13 孔 ......................................................................................................... 143
4.14 凸起 .................................................................................................. 145
4.15 螺紋 ....................................................................................................... 147
4.16 拔模 ...................................................................................................... 149
4.17 抽殼 .......................................................................................................... 151
4.18 特征的編輯 ............................................................................................... 153
4.18.1 編輯參數(shù)...............................................................................................153
4.18.2 特征重排序............................................................................................154
4.18.3 特征的抑制與取消抑制..........................................................................155
4.18.4 編輯定義截面..........................................................................................156
4.19 掃掠特征 ....................................................................................................... 157
4.20 槽 ................................................................................................. 158
4.21 筋板 ....................................................................................................... 160
4.22 縮放 ................................................................................. 161
4.23 模型的關(guān)聯(lián)復(fù)制....................................................................................... 163
4.23.1 抽取幾何特征....................................................................................163
4.23.2 陣列特征...............................................................................................165
4.23.3 鏡像特征...............................................................................................168
4.23.4 陣列幾何特征....................................................................................169
4.24 特征的變換 .................................................................................................. 170
4.24.1 比例變換 ......................................................................................... 170
4.24.2 通過一直線進(jìn)行鏡像 ........................................................................ 172
4.24.3 變換命令中的矩形陣列......................................................................................... 173
4.24.4 變換命令中的環(huán)形陣列.......................................................................................... 174
4.25 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 1──連接件.................................................................................... 175
4.26 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 2──蝶形螺母................................................................................ 179
4.27 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 3──傳呼機(jī)固定套 ........................................................................ 181
4.28 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 4──渦輪................................................................................. 187
4.29 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 5──塑料凳.................................................................................... 187
4.30 UG 零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 6──筆帽................................................................................. 188
4.31 習(xí)題 ......................................................................................................... 188
第 5 章 曲面設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................192
5.1 曲面設(shè)計(jì)概述 ........................................................................................... 192
5.2 曲線的創(chuàng)建與編輯............................................................................................. 192
5.2.1 基本空間曲線..................................................................................................192
5.2.2 曲線的鏡像復(fù)制................................................................................................196
5.2.3 曲線的修剪..................................................................................................196
5.2.4 曲線的偏置................................................................................................197
5.2.5 在面上偏置曲線........................................................................................199
5.2.6 曲線的投影.................................................................................................200
5.2.7 曲線的橋接.....................................................................................201
5.2.8 曲線特性分析.....................................................................................202
5.3 一般曲面創(chuàng)建 ..................................................................................................... 204
5.3.1 創(chuàng)建拉伸和旋轉(zhuǎn)曲面...................................................................................204
5.3.2 有界平面 ....................................................................................................206
5.3.3 創(chuàng)建掃掠曲面................................................................................................206
5.3.4 創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)格曲面............................................................................................207
5.3.5 曲面的特性分析..........................................................................................214
5.4 曲面的偏置 ................................................................................................. 217
5.4.1 偏置曲面 .......................................................................................................217
5.4.2 偏置面 .....................................................................................................218
5.4.3 偏置凸起 ....................................................................................................218
5.5 曲面的復(fù)制 ............................................................................................. 219
5.5.1 曲面的直接復(fù)制......................................................................................219
5.5.2 曲面的抽取復(fù)制.............................................................................220
5.6 曲面的修剪 .................................................................................................... 221
5.6.1 修剪片體 ....................................................................................................221
5.6.2 分割面 .....................................................................................................222
5.7 曲面的延伸 ...................................................................................................... 223
5.8 曲面倒圓 ....................................................................................................... 224
5.8.1 邊倒圓 ...............................................................................................225
5.8.2 面倒圓 ..................................................................................................225
5.9 曲面的縫合 ................................................................................................. 227
5.10 曲面的實(shí)體化.............................................................................................. 228
5.10.1 封閉曲面的實(shí)體化........................................................................................228
5.10.2 開放曲面的加厚..............................................................................................229
5.11 UG 曲面零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 1——電吹風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 232
5.12 UG 曲面零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 2——肥皂盒的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 243
5.13 UG 曲面零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 3——訂書機(jī)蓋的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................ 247
5.14 UG 曲面零件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 4——飲料瓶的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................ 256
5.15 習(xí)題 .................................................................................................. 257
第 6 章 裝配設(shè)計(jì)...........................................................................................261
6.1 裝配概述 ................................................................................................. 261
6.2 裝配環(huán)境中的下拉菜單及選項(xiàng)卡.................................................................. 262
6.3 裝配導(dǎo)航器 ................................................................................................. 265
6.3.1 功能概述 ......................................................................................................265
6.3.2 預(yù)覽面板和相關(guān)性面板....................................................................................267
6.4 組件的裝配約束說明............................................................................................ 267
6.4.1 “裝配約束”對(duì)話框....................................................................................267
6.4.2 “接觸對(duì)齊”約束..................................................................................269
6.4.3 “距離”約束.............................................................................................270
6.4.4 “角度”約束.....................................................................................................270
6.4.5 “固定”約束....................................................................................................271
6.5 裝配的一般過程.................................................................................................... 271
6.5.1 概述 ..................................................................................................271
6.5.2 添加第一個(gè)部件.................................................................................................271
6.5.3 添加第二個(gè)部件...................................................................................................273
6.5.4 引用集 ........................................................................................................275
6.6 部件的陣列 .............................................................................................. 275
6.6.1 部件的“參考”陣列.......................................................................................275
6.6.2 部件的“線性”陣列..........................................................................................276
6.6.3 部件的“圓形”陣列.......................................................................................277
6.7 編輯裝配體中的部件........................................................................................... 278
6.8 爆炸圖 ..................................................................................................... 279
6.8.1 爆炸圖工具條.................................................................................................279
6.8.2 新建爆炸圖............................................................................................280
6.8.3 編輯爆炸圖.....................................................................................................281
6.9 簡(jiǎn)化裝配 ................................................................................................. 283
6.9.1 簡(jiǎn)化裝配概述...........................................................................................283
6.9.2 簡(jiǎn)化裝配操作..............................................................................................284
6.10 多截面動(dòng)態(tài)剖................................................................................................. 286
6.11 模型的外觀處理................................................................................................ 287
6.12 UG 裝配設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 1──軸承的設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 288
6.13 UG 裝配設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)際應(yīng)用 2──機(jī)座裝配的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................... 295
第 7 章 模型的測(cè)量與分析 .....................................................................300
7.1 模型的測(cè)量 ................................................................................................ 300
7.1.1 測(cè)量距離 ................................................................................................300
7.1.2 測(cè)量角度 ...................................................................................................302
7.1.3 測(cè)量面積及周長(zhǎng).................................................................................................303
7.1.4 測(cè)量最小半徑.............................................................................................304
7.2 模型的基本分析............................................................................................... 305
7.2.1 模型的質(zhì)量屬性分析.....................................................................................305
7.2.2 模型的偏差分析.................................................................................................305
7.2.3 模型的幾何對(duì)象檢查...........................................................................................307
7.2.4 裝配干涉檢查..................................................................................................308
第 8 章 工程圖設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................310
8.1 工程圖概述 ............................................................................................ 310
8.1.1 工程圖的組成............................................................................................311
8.1.2 工程圖環(huán)境中的下拉菜單與選項(xiàng)卡.....................................................................................311
8.1.3 部件導(dǎo)航器......................................................................................................314
8.2 工程圖參數(shù)預(yù)設(shè)置........................................................................................ 315
8.2.1 工程圖參數(shù)設(shè)置...........................................................................................315
8.2.2 原點(diǎn)參數(shù)設(shè)置...............................................................................................316
8.2.3 注釋參數(shù)設(shè)置....................................................................................................317
8.2.4 截面線參數(shù)設(shè)置................................................................................................317
8.2.5 視圖參數(shù)設(shè)置............................................................................................318
8.2.6 標(biāo)記參數(shù)設(shè)置...................................................................................................318
8.3 圖樣管理 ................................................................................................... 319
8.3.1 新建工程圖.....................................................................................319
8.3.2 編輯已存圖樣..................................................................................................320
8.4 視圖的創(chuàng)建與編輯............................................................................................. 321
8.4.1 基本視圖 .....................................................................................................321
8.4.2 局部放大圖.................................................................................................323
8.4.3 全剖視圖 .....................................................................................................325
8.4.4 半剖視圖 ....................................................................................................326
8.4.5 旋轉(zhuǎn)剖視圖................................................................................................327
8.4.6 階梯剖視圖.....................................................................................................327
8.4.7 局部剖視圖...............................................................................................328
8.4.8 更新視圖 ......................................................................................................329
8.4.9 對(duì)齊視圖 ......................................................................................................330
8.4.10 編輯視圖.................................................................................................331
8.5 標(biāo)注與符號(hào) ................................................................................................ 334
8.5.1 尺寸標(biāo)注 ...............................................................................................334
8.5.2 注釋編輯器......................................................................................................335
8.5.3 中心線 ...................................................................................................337
8.5.4 符號(hào)標(biāo)注 ....................................................................................................338
第 9 章 鈑金設(shè)計(jì)....................................................................................340
9.1 鈑金模塊導(dǎo)入 ............................................................................................ 340
9.2 基礎(chǔ)鈑金特征 ................................................................................................... 344
9.2.1 突出塊 .......................................................................................................344
9.2.2 彎邊 ....................................................................................................346
9.2.3 輪廓彎邊 .......................................................................................................352
9.2.4 放樣彎邊 ..........................................................................................354
9.2.5 法向除料 ..................................................................................................356
9.3 鈑金的折彎與展開..................................................................................... 359
9.3.1 鈑金折彎 ................................................................................................359
9.3.2 二次折彎 ............................................................................................362
9.3.3 伸直 ....................................................................................................364
9.3.4 重新折彎 ..................................................................................................365
9.3.5 將實(shí)體零件轉(zhuǎn)換到鈑金件...............................................................................366
9.3.6 展平實(shí)體 ......................................................................................................368
9.4 UG 鈑金設(shè)計(jì)綜合實(shí)際應(yīng)用 1──鈑金件 .............................................................................. 370
9.5 UG 鈑金設(shè)計(jì)綜合實(shí)際應(yīng)用 2──鈑金支架 .......................................................................... 372
第 10 章 運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真..................................................................................373
10.1 運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真概述............................................................................................ 373
10.1.1 機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真流程.......................................................................................373
10.1.2 進(jìn)入運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真模塊...........................................................................................373
10.1.3 運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真模塊中的菜單及按鈕........................................................................................373
10.2 運(yùn)動(dòng)體和運(yùn)動(dòng)副.............................................................................................. 375
10.2.1 運(yùn)動(dòng)體 ...................................................................................................375
10.2.2 運(yùn)動(dòng)副 ..............................................................................................377
10.3 力學(xué)對(duì)象 ................................................................................................. 380
10.3.1 類型 .....................................................................................................381
10.3.2 定義解算方案..........................................................................................382
10.4 模型準(zhǔn)備 ................................................................................................... 383
10.4.1 標(biāo)記與智能點(diǎn).........................................................................................383
10.4.2 編輯運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)象...................................................................................383
10.4.3 干涉、測(cè)量和跟蹤...................................................................................383
10.4.4 函數(shù)編輯器.........................................................................................386
10.5 運(yùn)動(dòng)分析 ...................................................................................................... 386
10.5.1 動(dòng)畫 ..............................................................................................387
10.5.2 圖表 .........................................................................................388
10.5.3 填充電子表格................................................................................................389
10.6 UG 運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真綜合實(shí)際應(yīng)用──四桿機(jī)構(gòu)仿真 ................................................................... 389