This book systematically assesses the risk of 21 major infectious diseases threatening BRI countries. It consists of 14 chapters. Chapter 1 is an overview. Chapter 2 introduces the history of health cooperation between China and other BRI countries. Chapters 3-14 introduce the prevalence of major infectious diseases threatening BRI countries such as cholera， vaccine preventable diseases （polio， measles， meningitis， Japanese encephalitis， diphtheria， hepatitis A）， tuberculosis， influenza， and insect-borne diseases （Dengue fever， Zika virus disease， yellow fever， Chikungunya， Rift Valley fever）， plague， malaria， Ebola virus disease， MERS， schistosomiasis， COVID-19 and AIDS， and risk factors， principles and cases of their prevention and control. It is a useful reference book in the research of infectious disease control and prevention， and provides historical experience and lessons learned. It also provides decision support for international cooperation among BRI countries in the field of epidemic prevention and control in the future.
COVID-19 has become the most serious public health emergency since World War II. Virus knows no borders， and epidemic knows no races. Thanks to our painstaking efforts， China has achieved positive results in its fight against the COVID-19 pandemic， effectively safeguarding people's lives and health. At the same time， China is actively engaged in bilateral and multilateral cooperation， unreservedly providing support and assistance to countries in need and sharing experience in prevention， control， and treatment. President Xi Jinping， through summit diplomacy and important events such as the 73rd World Health Assembly and G20 Extraordinary Virtual Leaders' Summit on COVID-I9， actively advocates effective international joint prevention and control of COVID-19 and support for international organizations in their efforts. Under the leadership of the National Health Commission， China keeps in touch with countries and health organizations in Africa and Central and Eastern
Europe， ASEAN EOC Network， and DG SANTE and frequently exchanges experiences on COVID-19 prevention and control through virtual conferences， which has delivered a positive signal to the world to build a community of common health for mankind， highlighting China's high attention to and support for global health security.
In recent years， outbreaks of avian influenza， Ebola virus disease， Zika virus disease， and cholera have repeatedly alarmed global health security. They not only pose a burden on the economy and society of all countries， but also pose a serious threat to national security， affecting world economic development and social stability. At the 73rd World Health Assembly just held， world leaders called for unity and cooperation in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic， stressing the global sharing of vaccines and medical methods. It is clear that safeguarding global health security has become the most important issue in global governance and an important guarantee for countries to achieve the health-related goals in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Introduction
Health Cooperation Between China and Other \"Belt and Road\" Countries
Cholera Risk Assessment， Control， and Prevention
Risk Assessment and Control on Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
Risks of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control
The Risk and Prevention and Control of lnfluenza
The Risk， Prevention， and Control of Arthropod-Borne Infectious Diseases
Plague Risk and Prevention
Malaria Risk and Control
Ebola Virus Disease Risk and Control
Risk and Prevention of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome （MERS）
Sclustosomiasis Risk and Prevention
COVID-19 Risk and Control
Risk of AIDS and Its Prevention and Control
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