目錄
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)入門············································································1
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)簡介 ···········································································1
1.1.1 什么是機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)································································1
1.1.2 機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的前景································································2
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)的主要類型 ··································································3
1.2.1 監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)·········································································4
1.2.2 無監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)······································································5
1.2.3 半監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)······································································7
1.2.4 強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)·········································································8
1.2.5 監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)案例································································.10
選擇正確的算法·····································································.12
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)工具和環(huán)境·································································14
Python 介紹···········································································.14
2.1.1 Python 的安裝 ·······························································.14
2.1.2 Python 基礎(chǔ)語法 ····························································.19
2.1.3 Python 其他特性 ····························································.24
2.1.4 Python 簡單實(shí)戰(zhàn)案例(猜字游戲) ····································.31
2.1.5 Python 高級(jí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)案例(網(wǎng)絡(luò)爬蟲) ····································.35
數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)庫···········································································.38
2.2.1 NumPy ········································································.38
2.2.2 Pandas ·········································································.45
2.2.3 數(shù)據(jù)科學(xué)庫案例(電商網(wǎng)站) ··········································.54
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)庫···········································································.55
2.3.1 Scikit-Learn···································································.55
2.3.2 TensorFlow ···································································.60
2.3.3 Keras···········································································.64
2.3.4 機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)庫案例(預(yù)測(cè)糖尿病) ·······································.67
數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理·············································································70
數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入 ··············································································.70
數(shù)據(jù)清洗 ··············································································.71
特征工程 ··············································································.73
3.3.1 特征選擇······································································.73
3.3.2 特征轉(zhuǎn)換······································································.75
3.3.3 特征縮放······································································.77
數(shù)據(jù)分割 ··············································································.78
3.4.1 訓(xùn)練集·········································································.78
3.4.2 測(cè)試集·········································································.79
3.4.3 驗(yàn)證集·········································································.80
案例分析:銀行客戶數(shù)據(jù)·························································.80
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)模型的構(gòu)建與評(píng)估························································84
監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)········································································.84
4.1.1 線性回歸······································································.84
4.1.2 邏輯回歸······································································.86
4.1.3 決策樹·········································································.88
4.1.4 隨機(jī)森林······································································.90
無監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)·····································································.91
4.2.1 K-means ·······································································.92
4.2.2 主成分分析···································································.93
深度學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)········································································.95
4.3.1 神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)······································································.95
4.3.2 卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)································································.98
4.3.3 循環(huán)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)································································102
模型評(píng)估與選擇 ·····································································105
案例分析:客戶流失預(yù)測(cè) ·························································107
第5章 5.1
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目實(shí)戰(zhàn)···································································111
項(xiàng)目一:房價(jià)預(yù)測(cè) ·································································.111
5.1.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································112
5.1.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································116
5.1.3 特征工程······································································120
5.1.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································123
5.1.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································125
5.1.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································128
項(xiàng)目二:圖像識(shí)別 ··································································130
5.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································131
5.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································134
5.2.3 特征工程······································································136
5.2.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································138
5.2.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································140
5.2.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································143
項(xiàng)目三:自然語言處理 ····························································144
5.3.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································144
5.3.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································147
5.3.3 特征工程······································································148
5.3.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································149
5.3.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································151
5.3.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································157
項(xiàng)目四:新聞主題分類 ····························································157
5.4.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································158
5.4.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································161
5.4.3 特征工程······································································164
5.4.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································166
5.4.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································168
5.4.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································171
項(xiàng)目五:信用卡欺詐檢測(cè) ·························································172
5.5.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································173
5.5.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································176
第5章 5.1
機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目實(shí)戰(zhàn)···································································111
項(xiàng)目一:房價(jià)預(yù)測(cè) ·································································.111
5.1.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································112
5.1.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································116
5.1.3 特征工程······································································120
5.1.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································123
5.1.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································125
5.1.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································128
項(xiàng)目二:圖像識(shí)別 ··································································130
5.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································131
5.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································134
5.2.3 特征工程······································································136
5.2.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································138
5.2.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································140
5.2.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································143
項(xiàng)目三:自然語言處理 ····························································144
5.3.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································144
5.3.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································147
5.3.3 特征工程······································································148
5.3.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································149
5.3.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································151
5.3.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································157
項(xiàng)目四:新聞主題分類 ····························································157
5.4.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································158
5.4.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································161
5.4.3 特征工程······································································164
5.4.4 模型構(gòu)建與訓(xùn)練·····························································166
5.4.5 模型評(píng)估與優(yōu)化·····························································168
5.4.6 結(jié)果解釋······································································171
項(xiàng)目五:信用卡欺詐檢測(cè) ·························································172
5.5.1 數(shù)據(jù)獲取與理解·····························································173
5.5.2 數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理···································································176