諾貝爾獎得主特·胡夫特在《量子力學的細胞自動機詮釋》中提出了一種量子力學的決定性觀點。由于不滿意傳統(tǒng)量子力學與經(jīng)典世界之間令人困惑的差異,特·胡夫特重新激活了舊的隱藏變量的思想,并且是以一種更系統(tǒng)的方式來給出詮釋。量子力學被視為一種工具,而不是一種理論。作者使用量子技術(shù)來分析那些本質(zhì)經(jīng)典的物理模型,并提出即使是標準模型和引力相互作用都可以處理為用量子力學方法來分析內(nèi)核經(jīng)典的系統(tǒng)。作者展示了這種方法,盡管基于隱藏變量,也可以與貝爾定理合理地協(xié)調(diào)一致,以及如何至少在原則上克服對\"超決定論\"的常見反對意見。本書為所有從事量子理論基礎(chǔ)研究或?qū)α孔游锢砀信d趣的讀者提供了奇妙的閱讀體驗。
本書展現(xiàn)了諾貝爾獎得主特·胡夫特對量子力學中重大問題的新洞見,并為如何統(tǒng)一引力與量子力學這一長期存在的科學問題提供一種解決方案。這個新方法也將消除坍塌問題和測量問題。甚至\"時間之矢\"問題,也能用一種更優(yōu)雅的方式來解釋。但作者并不是要以此來替代量子力學的標準理論,而是提出量子力學不僅僅是一種描述自然的理論,更可以被視為一種奇妙數(shù)學機制的一部分,這個數(shù)學機制可以將物理現(xiàn)象置于更大的背景之中。
本書是世界圖書出版公司的\"科學大師經(jīng)典\"書系的一種重磅圖書。這套精裝書系會陸續(xù)出版對科學發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響的諸位大師的名著。
When investigating theories at the tiniest conceivable scales in Nature, almost all researchers today revert to the quantum language, accepting the verdict that we shall nickname \"the Copenhagen doctrine\" that the only way to describe what is going on will always involve states in Hilbert space, controlled by operator equations. Returning to classical, that is, non quantum mechanical, descriptions will be forever impossible, unless one accepts some extremely contrived theoretical contraptions that may or may not reproduce the quantum mechanical phenomena observed in experiments.
Dissatisfied, this author investigated how one can look at things differently. This book is an overview of older material, but also contains many new observations and calculations. Quantum mechanics is looked upon as a tool, not as a theory. Examples are displayed of models that are classical in essence, but can be analysed by the use of quantum techniques, and we argue that even the Standard Model, together with gravitational interactions, might be viewed as a quantum mechanical approach to analyse a system that could be classical at its core. We explain how such thoughts can conceivably be reconciled with Bell's theorem, and how the usual objections voiced against the notion of 'superdeterminism' can be overcome, at least in principle. Our proposal would eradicate the collapse problem and the measurement problem. Even the existence of an \"arrow of time\" can perhaps be explained in a more elegant way than usual.
杰拉德·特·胡夫特(Gerard 't Hooft)是世界聞名的理論物理學家,荷蘭烏得勒支大學教授,于1999年因為\"闡明物理學中電弱相互作用的量子結(jié)構(gòu)\"與其博士導(dǎo)師馬丁紐斯·韋爾特曼(Martinus J. G. Veltman)一同獲得諾貝爾物理學獎。他的研究主要集中在三個方向:基本粒子物理的規(guī)范理論,量子引力與黑洞,以及量子力學的基礎(chǔ)。特·胡夫特被譽為是二十世紀中后期影響重大的理論物理學家之一。他是荷蘭皇家人文和科學院、美國國家科學院、美國人文與科學院、法國科學院等眾多科學院的院士。他還獲得過沃爾夫獎、洛侖茲獎?wù)潞透惶m克林獎?wù)碌戎匾茖W獎項,并且是荷蘭科技zuigao獎--斯賓諾莎獎的首位獲得者。1971年發(fā)現(xiàn)的小行星9491以特·胡夫特命名(9491 Thooft),他還為該小行星的未來居民頒布了憲法。
Part I. The Cellular Automaton Interpretation as a General Doctrine
1. Motivation for This Work
2. Deterministic Models in Quantum Notation
3. Interpreting Quantum Mechanics
4. Deterministic Quantum Mechanics
5. Concise Description of the CA Interpretation
6. Quantum Gravity
7- Information Loss
8. More Problems
9. Alleys to be Further Investigated and Open Questions
10. Conclusions
Part II. Calculation Techniques
11. Introduction to Part II
12. More on Cogwheels
13. The Continuum Limit of Cogwheels, Harmonic Rotators and Oscillators
14. Locality
15. Fermions
16. PQ Theory
17. Models in Two Space-Time Dimensions without Interactions
18. Symmetries
19. The Discretised Hamiltonian Formalism in PQ Theory
20. Quantum Field Theory
21. The Cellular Automaton
22. The Problem of Quantum Locality
23. Conclusions of Part II
Appendix A. Some Remarks on Gravity in 2+1 Dimensions
Appendix B. A Summary of Our Views on Conformal Gravity
Appendix C. Abbreviations
References