上篇 高職高專大學生就業(yè)指導
第一章 大學生就業(yè)形勢與政策解析 ······································································3
第一節(jié) 當前大學生面臨的就業(yè)形勢 ································································3
一、當前就業(yè)形勢分析 ············································································3
二、高職高專大學生面臨的就業(yè)形勢··························································6
三、高職高專大學生就業(yè)的主要特點··························································7
四、影響高職高專大學生就業(yè)的主要因素····················································8
五、高職高專大學生就業(yè)面臨新機遇··························································9
第二節(jié) 就業(yè)政策解析 ···············································································.10
一、國家解決就業(yè)問題的相關(guān)政策 ··························································.10
二、近年來國家出臺的高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)政策··············································.12
第三節(jié) 樹立正確的就業(yè)觀念，提升就業(yè)競爭力··············································.14
一、正確認識自己 ···············································································.14
二、正確認識就業(yè)形勢 ·········································································.14
三、做好就業(yè)技能準備 ·········································································.15
四、胸懷遠大理想 ···············································································.15
第二章 求職準備 ···························································································.18
第一節(jié) 就業(yè)制度 ·····················································································.18
一、勞動合同制度 ···············································································.18
二、就業(yè)準入制度 ···············································································.20
三、人事代理制度 ···············································································.23
四、社會保險制度 ···············································································.25
第二節(jié) 就業(yè)信息 ·····················································································.26
一、就業(yè)信息的種類與內(nèi)容 ···································································.27
二、搜集、整理和使用就業(yè)信息的原則····················································.28
三、獲取就業(yè)信息的渠道 ······································································.28
四、就業(yè)信息的獲取方法及安全問題·······················································.29
第三節(jié) 求職前的心理準備 ·········································································.32
一、求職前的不良心理及對策 ································································.32
二、求職過程中幾種不正常的心理狀態(tài)····················································.34
三、培養(yǎng)良好的求職心態(tài) ······································································.35
四、樹立正確的擇業(yè)觀 ·········································································.36
第三章 擇業(yè)及求職材料 ··················································································.37
第一節(jié) 高職高專大學生擇業(yè)的基本方法·······················································.37
一、根據(jù)自己的專業(yè)擇業(yè) ······································································.38
二、根據(jù)自己的興趣和特長擇業(yè) ·····························································.38
三、根據(jù)自己的實際條件擇業(yè) ································································.39
四、根據(jù)社會的需求擇業(yè) ······································································.40
第二節(jié) 高職高專大學生擇業(yè)的主要途徑·······················································.41
一、公務員考試 ··················································································.41
二、事業(yè)單位考試 ···············································································.41
三、普通專升本考試 ············································································.42
四、應征入伍 ·····················································································.43
五、進入國有企業(yè)或民營企業(yè) ································································.44
六、自主創(chuàng)業(yè) ·····················································································.46
第三節(jié) 制作求職材料 ···············································································.47
一、求職材料的作用 ············································································.47
二、求職材料的制作要求 ······································································.47
三、求職信的寫法 ···············································································.48
四、個人簡歷與求職信的區(qū)別 ································································.51
五、畢業(yè)生就業(yè)推薦表的填寫 ································································.51
第四章 面試策略與技巧 ··················································································.52
第一節(jié) 了解面試 ·····················································································.52
一、面試的含義及形式 ·········································································.52
二、面試的特點及種類 ·········································································.52
三、面試的一般程序 ············································································.54
第二節(jié) 面試的禮儀和技巧 ·········································································.54
一、面試禮儀 ·····················································································.54
二、面試技巧 ·····················································································.56
第三節(jié) 面試應答 ·····················································································.58
一、面試常見問題 ···············································································.58
二、面試常見問題分析 ·········································································.60
三、面試應答技巧 ···············································································.60
第五章 高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)權(quán)益保護 ······································································.62
第一節(jié) 高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的權(quán)利和義務 ··························································.62
一、高校畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)權(quán)利 ···································································.62
二、高校畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)義務 ···································································.64
第二節(jié) 就業(yè)協(xié)議與勞動合同 ······································································.64
一、就業(yè)協(xié)議和勞動合同 ······································································.65
二、簽訂就業(yè)協(xié)議的注意事項 ································································.70
三、就業(yè)協(xié)議的解除 ············································································.71
四、簽訂勞動合同的注意事項 ································································.72
第三節(jié) 社會保險與勞動爭議 ······································································.75
一、社會保險 ·····················································································.75
二、勞動爭議 ·····················································································.76
三、解決勞動爭議的途徑 ······································································.77
第四節(jié) 高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)權(quán)益保護 ································································.79
一、常見的就業(yè)權(quán)益損害 ······································································.79
二、求職“陷阱”的識別與應對 ································································.80
三、高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)權(quán)益保護途徑 ··························································.81
下篇 高職高專大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育
第六章 創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)概述 ·····················································································.85
第一節(jié) 創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的概念和內(nèi)涵 ···································································.85
一、創(chuàng)新概述 ·····················································································.85
二、創(chuàng)業(yè)概述 ·····················································································.89
三、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)概述 ···············································································.90
第二節(jié) 大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的意義 ···································································.94
一、大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的意義 ·····························································.94
二、創(chuàng)新精神和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的培育 ·····························································.97
三、創(chuàng)業(yè)素質(zhì)和創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)能力 ································································100
第三節(jié) 創(chuàng)新思維及其訓練方法 ···································································104
一、創(chuàng)新思維概述 ···············································································104
二、創(chuàng)新思維訓練方法 ·········································································107
第七章 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè) ·········································································112
第一節(jié) 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)思維下的商業(yè)模式 ································································112
一、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)思維的表現(xiàn)形式 ···································································112
二、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)思維下的商業(yè)模式 ································································115
第二節(jié) 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下的大學生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)·······················································117
一、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè) ··················································································117
二、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)提供了優(yōu)勢條件·················································120
三、大學生互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)的主要模式及切入點··············································121
四、大學生互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)需要注意的問題····················································123
第八章 高職高專大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)形勢分析 ································································125
第一節(jié) 影響高職高專大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)的因素·······················································126
一、社會因素 ·····················································································126
二、學校因素 ·····················································································126
三、家庭因素 ·····················································································127
四、個人因素 ·····················································································127
第二節(jié) 高職高專大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)面臨的問題·······················································128
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)服務體系不夠完善 ···································································128
二、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育存在薄弱環(huán)節(jié) ·····························································128
三、學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力有待提升 ································································128
第三節(jié) 高職高專大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)面臨的機遇·······················································129
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)扶持力度不斷加大 ···································································129
二、市場環(huán)境不斷改善 ·········································································129
三、新質(zhì)生產(chǎn)力加快發(fā)展 ······································································130
四、高職高專院校創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育不斷推進·················································134
第四節(jié) 創(chuàng)業(yè)政策 ·····················································································134
一、稅收優(yōu)惠政策 ···············································································134
二、擔保貸款和貼息政策 ······································································134
三、資金扶持政策 ···············································································135
四、工商登記政策 ···············································································135
五、戶籍政策 ·····················································································135
六、創(chuàng)業(yè)服務政策 ···············································································135
七、學籍管理政策 ···············································································135
第九章 高職高專大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)準備 ······································································138
第一節(jié) 心理準備 ·····················································································138
一、強烈的創(chuàng)業(yè)愿望 ············································································139
二、吃苦耐勞的毅力 ············································································139
三、堅韌地承受壓力和挫折 ···································································139
四、自信樂觀的人生態(tài)度 ······································································139
五、創(chuàng)業(yè)要有失敗的心理準備 ································································140
六、敢于行動、敢冒風險 ······································································140
七、堅持不懈、不屈不撓 ······································································140
第二節(jié) 知識準備 ·····················································································141
一、專業(yè)知識 ·····················································································141
二、金融知識 ·····················································································142
三、管理知識 ·····················································································142
四、營銷知識 ·····················································································142
五、財務知識 ·····················································································142
六、稅務知識 ·····················································································143
七、法律知識 ·····················································································143
第三節(jié) 能力準備 ·····················································································143
一、專業(yè)技術(shù)能力 ···············································································144
二、開拓進取能力 ···············································································144
三、善于學習能力 ···············································································144
四、團結(jié)協(xié)作能力 ···············································································144
五、創(chuàng)新能力 ·····················································································145
六、人際交往能力 ···············································································145
七、把握商機能力 ···············································································145
八、決策能力 ·····················································································145
第四節(jié) 資金籌措 ·····················································································146
一、自有資金 ·····················································································146
二、私人借貸 ·····················································································146
三、政策性扶持資金 ············································································147
四、合伙入股 ·····················································································147
五、商業(yè)銀行貸款 ···············································································148
六、尋找風險投資 ···············································································148
七、申請創(chuàng)業(yè)貸款 ···············································································148
第十章 大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)的基本流程 ·········································································149
第一節(jié) 創(chuàng)業(yè)的過程、階段和核心 ································································149
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)過程 ·····················································································149
二、創(chuàng)業(yè)階段 ·····················································································150
三、創(chuàng)業(yè)的核心 ··················································································151
第二節(jié) 創(chuàng)業(yè)目標的選擇與確定 ···································································154
第三節(jié) 創(chuàng)業(yè)計劃書的撰寫 ·········································································157
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)計劃書的作用 ·········································································157
二、創(chuàng)業(yè)計劃書的分類 ·········································································157
三、創(chuàng)業(yè)計劃書的撰寫 ·········································································158
第四節(jié) 組建創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊 ···············································································164
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的概念 ············································································164
二、創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的類型 ············································································166
三、組建創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的原則 ······································································167
四、組建創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的模式 ······································································167
五、組建創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的程序 ······································································168
六、創(chuàng)業(yè)團隊的執(zhí)行力 ·········································································169
第五節(jié) 創(chuàng)業(yè)融資 ·····················································································171
一、創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的概念及一般流程 ·····························································172
二、大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的主要問題及應對措施··············································172
第六節(jié) 注冊登記 ·····················································································174
第七節(jié) 初創(chuàng)企業(yè)管理 ···············································································175
一、企業(yè)的生命周期 ············································································175
二、初創(chuàng)企業(yè)存在的問題及生存原則·······················································176
三、人力資源管理 ···············································································177
四、文化管理 ·····················································································178
五、市場營銷管理 ···············································································179
六、財務管理 ·····················································································179
第八節(jié) 發(fā)展壯大 ·····················································································179
一、創(chuàng)建企業(yè)品牌信譽 ·········································································179
二、創(chuàng)新經(jīng)營 ·····················································································180
參考文獻 ·······································································································182