2. 提問

一個(gè)好的問題，讓你思考。

一個(gè)好的問題通常是提前準(zhǔn)備的。

一個(gè)問題的價(jià)值在于它引發(fā)你思考。

一個(gè)問題，措辭和提問的時(shí)間都恰到好處，有時(shí)會(huì)比直接告訴更加有效。這是符合以解決問題為導(dǎo)向的成人學(xué)習(xí)法則。簡(jiǎn)而言之，一個(gè)提問就是一個(gè)需要解決的問題。

提問就是教。

色諾芬（希臘作家）

一個(gè)好老師，能問出好問題，也必然是一個(gè)能夠創(chuàng)造出引發(fā)學(xué)生深入思考問題的提問專家。

提問可以讓老師檢查學(xué)生是否理解，并且通過清除理解中的障礙來讓學(xué)習(xí)更有意義。

一個(gè)好的提問，會(huì)加深所探討主題的深度和廣度，當(dāng)然這取決于問題的質(zhì)量。

我發(fā)現(xiàn)在教學(xué)過程中，當(dāng)我事先準(zhǔn)備好了提問，我就會(huì)更加關(guān)注如何幫助學(xué)生理解，而不是去考慮下一步該教什么。

你為下次課程準(zhǔn)備好提問了嗎？

提問是你教學(xué)計(jì)劃的一部分嗎？

33.天賦、激情、能力和時(shí)節(jié)

Talent, Passion, Capacity and Seasons

在討論學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)時(shí)，不可能脫離人的天賦、激情、能力和時(shí)節(jié)這些要素。這四個(gè)要素成為我近年來思考的焦點(diǎn)，我試圖把影響學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)的四個(gè)可變因素放在一起，看它們?nèi)绾斡绊憣W(xué)和教。

1）天賦

天賦是一個(gè)人在某方面做得比大多數(shù)人要好的天然傾向，他在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域可能排在前百分之一到三。我所遇到的有天賦的人，通常在他們的工作中更具有藝術(shù)感。

老師承擔(dān)著更大的責(zé)任來識(shí)別學(xué)生的天賦，并培養(yǎng)他們天賦的發(fā)展。

當(dāng)天才不勤加努力時(shí)，艱苦努力的人將會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝天才。

亞歷克斯·弗格森

2）激情

從小他就夢(mèng)想成為一名宇航員，整個(gè)成長(zhǎng)歷程他都癡迷于太空。最終他進(jìn)入了太空。

童年夢(mèng)想最終成真的故事比比皆是。我們稱他們?yōu)槌錆M激情的人。

她是一名大學(xué)新生，告訴我她想成為一名人權(quán)活動(dòng)家，為發(fā)展中國家的婦女爭(zhēng)取權(quán)益。她的眼睛和臉上的決心告訴我，她有這個(gè)激情，她選擇的課程將會(huì)幫助她實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。每個(gè)假期，我都會(huì)聽到她正身處那種很少有人會(huì)考慮度假的地方。

她充滿激情，她選擇的每條路都富有激情包括去度假，讓一切不再只是個(gè)童年的夢(mèng)想。

激情是一個(gè)想實(shí)現(xiàn)某個(gè)目標(biāo)時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的自然動(dòng)力，是一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的、熱情的、持久的愿望。

你的學(xué)生的激情表現(xiàn)在哪些方面？

3）能力

有的人管理三個(gè)人都很艱難，有的人卻能管好三十個(gè)。有些人在多個(gè)地點(diǎn)管理多個(gè)項(xiàng)目，仍然可以兼顧培養(yǎng)出很出色的兒女。而我認(rèn)識(shí)一些人，即使他們的工作很規(guī)律，責(zé)任也不多，在教養(yǎng)兒女方面仍然做得不好。

有些人的能力分值是三十，有些是六十，有些是一百。

我的學(xué)生不是每個(gè)人的能力都能達(dá)到一百分，所以我用不同的方式教他們學(xué)習(xí)。

4）時(shí)節(jié)

我最近才了解到這一點(diǎn)：萬物都有它的時(shí)間，教有教的時(shí)間，學(xué)有學(xué)的時(shí)間。當(dāng)教和學(xué)的時(shí)間碰在一起時(shí)，這，是正確的時(shí)節(jié)。

你的學(xué)生是不是處在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)節(jié)中？

33. Talent, Passion, Capacity and Seasons

It is not possible to discuss learning and teaching without mention of a human being’s talent, passion, capacity and seasons. These four elements became the focus of my thinking in the later years as I attempt to put in perspective the variables that influence learning and teaching.

Talent

Talent is mostly a natural inclination to do something better than most people. I would say probably the top one to three percent. For people who are talented usually I see them as becoming even artistic in their work.

The teacher has a higher responsibility to identify talents and foster the development of the learner’s talent.

Hard work will always overcome natural talent when natural talent does not work hard enough.

Alex Ferguson

Passion

Since childhood he has always wanted to be an astronaut. He grew up completely engrossed in space. He ended up going to space.

Stories of childhood dreams realization abound. Passionate people we call them.

She was a freshman in college. She told me she wanted to be a human rights activist to fight for the rights of women in developing countries. Her eyes and facial determination tells me she has passion. She has chosen a course that will bring her closer. Each vacation I would hear that she is somewhere in some place few people would consider to vacation.

She is passionate. Every road she chooses will only for her passion, including her vacation. No more just childhood dreams.

Passion is a natural drive to do and desire to stay on a subject, a strong desire, being extremely enthusiastic, and enduring.

What is your student’s passion?

Capacity

Some people struggle with managing three people, some flourish with thirty. There are those who have multiple projects in their hands in multiple locations and still can raise some great kids. I know of some who have done neither well even though they have regular jobs and not much responsibility. .

Some are thirty, some are sixty and the rest of the pack, one hundred.

My students are not all one hundred so I treat their learning differently.

Seasons

I have only learnt this recently. Everything has its time. There is a time to teach and a time to learn. When the time to teach and the time to learn meets. This, is the right season.

Is your student in a learning season?